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Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Report on the Central Watershed Planning Region Oklahoma Water Resources BoardOklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Report on the Central Watershed Planning RegionStatewide OCWP Watershed Planning Region and Basin Delineation Contents Introduction 1 Regional Overview 1 Regional Summary . 2 Synopsis . 2 Water Resources & Limitations . 2 Water Supply Options 4 Water Supply 6 Physical Water Availability . 6 Surface Water Resources 6 Groundwater Resources . 9 Permit Availability 11 Water Quality 12 Water Demand . 20 Public Water Providers 22 OCWP Provider Survey 38 Water Supply Options . 44 Limitations Analysis . 44 Primary Options 44 Demand Management 44 Out-of Basin Supplies 44 Reservoir Use . 44 Increasing Reliance on Surface Water 45 Increasing Reliance on Groundwater 45 Additional Options . 45 Expanded Conservation Measures . 45 Artificial Aquifer Recharge . 45 Marginal Water Quality Sources 45 Potential Reservoir Development . 46 Basin Summaries and Data & Analysis 49 Basin 50 49 Basin 51 . 59 Basin 56 69 Basin 57 79 Basin 58 89 Basin 60 99 Basin 61 . 109 Basin 62 119 Basin 64 129 Glossary 138 Central Regional Report 1 Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Planavailability and potential shortages are documented in the OCWP Physical Water Supply Availability Report. Statewide water demand projection methods and results are presented in the Water Demand Forecast Report. Permitting availability was evaluated based on the OWRB’s administrative protocol and documented in the Water Supply Permit Availability Report. All supporting documentation can be found on the OWRB’s website.federal agency staff, industry representatives, and stakeholder groups for each demand sector. Surface water supply data for each of the 82 basins used 58 years of publicly-available daily streamflow gage data collected by the USGS. Groundwater resources were characterized using previously-developed assessments of groundwater aquifer storage and recharge rates. Additional information gained during the development of the 2012 Update is provided in various OCWP supplemental reports. Assessments of statewide physical water The Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan (OCWP) was originally developed in 1980 and last updated in 1995. With the specific objective of establishing a reliable supply of water for state users throughout at least the next 50 years, the current update represents the most ambitious and intensive water planning effort ever undertaken by the state. The 2012 OCWP Update is guided by two ultimate goals: Provide safe and dependable water supply 1. for all Oklahomans while improving the economy and protecting the environment. Provide information so that water 2. providers, policy makers, and water users can make informed decisions concerning the use and management of Oklahoma’s water resources. In accordance with the goals, the 2012 OCWP Update has been developed under an innovative parallel-path approach: inclusive and dynamic public participation to build sound water policy complemented by detailed technical evaluations. Also unique to this update are studies conducted according to specific geographic boundaries (watersheds) rather than political boundaries (counties). This new strategy involved subdividing the state into 82 surface water basins for water supply availability analysis (see the OCWP Physical Water Supply Availability Report). Existing watershed boundaries were revised to include a United States Geological Survey (USGS) stream gage at or near the basin outlet (downstream boundary), where practical. To facilitate consideration of regional supply challenges and potential solutions, basins were aggregated into 13 distinct Watershed Planning Regions. This Watershed Planning Region Report, one of 13 such documents prepared for the 2012 OCWP Update, presents elements of technical studies pertinent to the Central Region. Each regional report presents information from both a regional and multiple basin perspective, including water supply/demand analysis results, forecasted water supply shortages, potential supply solutions and alternatives, and supporting technical information. Integral to the development of these reports was the Oklahoma H2O model, a sophisticated database and geographic information system (GIS) based analysis tool created to compare projected water demand to physical supplies in each of the 82 OCWP basins statewide. Recognizing that water planning is not a static process but rather a dynamic one, this versatile tool can be updated over time as new supply and demand data become available, and can be used to evaluate a variety of “what-if” scenarios at the basin level, such as a change in supply sources, demand, new reservoirs, and various other policy management scenarios. Primary inputs to the model include demand projections for each decade through 2060, founded on widely-accepted methods and peer review of inputs and results by state and Introduction The primary factors in the determination of reliable future water supplies are physical supplies, water rights, water quality, and infrastructure. Gaps and depletions occur when demand exceeds supply, and can be attributed to physical supply, water rights, infrastructure, or water quality constraints. As a key foundation of OCWP technical work, a computer-based analysis tool, “Oklahoma H2O,” was created to compare projected demands with physical supplies for each basin to identify areas of potential water shortages. Regional Overview The Central Watershed Planning Region includes nine basins (for reference, numbered 50, 51, 56-58, 60-62, and 64). The region is located in the Central Lowland physiography province, encompassing 10,142 square miles in central Oklahoma, spanning from southern Woods County to Hughes and Pontotoc Counties in the southeastern portion of the region and including all or portions of Alfalfa, Woodward, Garfield, Major, Kingfisher, Logan, Blaine, Dewey, Creek, Lincoln, Okmulgee, Canadian, Oklahoma, Okfuskee, Caddo, Seminole, Pottawatomie, Grady, Cleveland, McClain, and Garvin Counties. The region displays many of the physical diversities of the state. The extremes range from the metropolitan areas of Oklahoma City in Oklahoma County to the more forested areas of the southeast, the open farmland in the central and western areas, and the sand hills in the western portion of the region. The region’s climate is moist and sub-humid with the mean annual temperature ranging from 59° F to 62° F. Annual average precipitation ranges from 26 inches in the northwest to 46 inches in the southeastern corner. Annual lake evaporation ranges from 50 to 62 inches and exceeds precipitation. Frequent droughts cause severe crop damage while severe flooding also occurs as the result of concentrated areas of heavy precipitation. Thunderstorms accompanied by high winds, hail, and heavy rain increase the likelihood of flash flooding, emphasizing the necessity of watershed protection and flood prevention projects. The largest cities in the region include Oklahoma City (2010 population of 501,450), Norman (109,865), Edmond (79,562), Midwest City (56,886), and Moore (52,621). The greatest demand is from Municipal and Industrial water use. By 2060, this region is projected to have a total demand of 442,890 acre-feet per year (AFY), an increase of approximately 107,250 AFY (32%) from 2010.2 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Planand their tributaries to provide public water supply, flood control, and recreation. There are two major federal reservoirs in the Central Region: Arcadia, built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Thunderbird, constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation. Large municipal water supply lakes in the region include Oklahoma City’s three area lakes—Overholser, Stanley Draper, and Hefner. There are 16 additional significant lakes in the region with normal storage ranging from 709 AF (El Reno Lake) to 23,000 AF (Lake Konawa). Surface water in Basins 50 and 51 is fully allocated, limiting diversions to existing permitted amounts. All other basins in the region are expected to have available surface water for new permits to meet local demand through 2060. Surface water quality in the region is variable and considered poor in several basins relative to other basins in the state. Multiple rivers, creeks, and reservoirs The Central Region accounts for 18% of the state’s total water demand. The largest demand sectors are Municipal and Industrial (58% of the region’s overall 2010 demand), Crop Irrigation (16%), and Thermoelectric Power (14%). Water Resources & Limitations Surface Water Surface water supplies, including reservoirs, are used to meet 56% of the Central Region’s demand. Surface water supply shortages are expected by 2020 in all basins in the region, except Basins 60 and 62. Shortages are expected to have a moderate to high probability of occurring. The region is supplied by five major rivers: the Canadian, Cimarron, Little, Deep Fork, and North Canadian. Large reservoirs have been built on these rivers Central Regional Summary in the region are impaired for Public and Private Water Supply use and Agricultural use due to high levels of oil and grease, chloride, total dissolved solids (TDS), and chlorophyll a. Alluvial Groundwater Alluvial groundwater is used to meet 23% of the demand in the region. The majority of currently permitted groundwater withdrawals in the region are from the Cimarron River, Canadian River, and North Canadian River alluvial aquifers. Each has more than 2.7 million AF of storage in the region. There are also substantial water rights in the Gerty Sand alluvial aquifer and multiple minor aquifers. If alluvial groundwater continues to supply a similar portion of demand in the future, storage depletions from these aquifers may occur throughout the year. The largest storage depletions are projected to occur in the summer. The availability of permits is not expected to constrain the use of alluvial groundwater supplies to meet local demand through 2060. Synopsis The Central Watershed Planning Region relies primarily on surface water supplies (including reservoirs), out-of-basin supplies, and to a lesser extent alluvial and bedrock groundwater. It is anticipated that water users in the region will continue to rely on these sources to meet future demand. By 2020, surface water supplies may be insufficient at times to meet demand in all basins in the region, except Basins 60 and 62. By 2020, alluvial and bedrock groundwater storage depletions may occur and eventually lead to higher pumping costs, the need for deeper wells, and potential changes to well yields or water quality. To reduce the risk of adverse impacts on water supplies, it is recommended that gaps and storage depletions be decreased where economically feasible. Additional conservation could reduce surface water gaps and groundwater storage depletions, eliminating bedrock groundwater depletions in Basin 50 and alluvial groundwater storage depletions in Basins 50 and 62. Aquifer storage and recovery in Basins 50 and 51 could be considered to store variable surface water supplies, increase groundwater storage, and reduce adverse effects of localized storage depletions. Surface water alternatives, such as groundwater sources, out-of-basin supplies, and/or developing new reservoirs, could mitigate gaps without major impacts to groundwater storage. Current and Projected Regional Water Demand Current Water Demand: 335,640 acre-feet/year (18% of state total) Largest Demand Sector: Municipal & Industrial (58% of regional total) Current Supply Sources: 56% SW 23% Alluvial GW 21% Bedrock GW Projected Demand (2060): 442,890 acre-feet/year Growth (2010-2060): 107,250 acre-feet/year (32%) Central Region Demand SummaryCentral Regional Report 3 Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Water Supply Limitations Central Region Bedrock Groundwater Bedrock groundwater is used to meet 21% of the demand in the region. The majority of currently permitted bedrock groundwater withdrawals in the region are from the Garber-Wellington aquifer. This aquifer has more than 55.6 million AF of storage in the Central Region. There are also substantial water rights in multiple major and minor aquifers. Recharge to major aquifers is expected to be sufficient to meet some of the region’s bedrock groundwater demand through 2060. Bedrock groundwater storage depletions may occur in Basins 50, 51, 57, and 64, typically by 2020. The availability of permits is not expected to constrain the use of bedrock groundwater supplies to meet local demand through 2060. However, an ongoing multi-year study of the Garber-Wellington may result in a change to the 2 AFY/acre share currently allowed under temporary permit. Water Supply Limitations Surface water limitations were based on physical availability, water supply availability for new permits, and water quality. Groundwater limitations were based on the total size and rate of storage depletions in major aquifers. Groundwater permits are not expected to constrain the use of groundwater through 2060, and insufficient statewide groundwater quality data are available to compare basins based on groundwater quality. Basins with the most significant water supply challenges statewide are indicated by a red box. The remaining basins with surface water gaps or groundwater storage depletions were considered to have potential limitations (yellow). Basins without gaps and storage depletions were considered to have minimal limitations (green). Detailed explanations of each basin’s supplies are provided in individual basin summaries and supporting data and analysis.4 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Water Supply Options To quantify physical surface water gaps and groundwater storage depletions through 2060, use of existing out-of-basin and local supplies was assumed to continue in current (2010) proportions. Surface water supplies, reservoirs, out-of-basin supplies, and bedrock groundwater supplies are expected to continue to supply the majority of demand in the Central Region. Surface water users may have physical surface water supply shortages (gaps) in the future, except in Basins 60 and 62. Alluvial groundwater storage depletions of major and minor aquifers are also projected in the future and may occur in most basins in the region by 2020. Bedrock groundwater storage depletions may occur in Basins 50, 51, 57, and 64. The development of additional alluvial and bedrock groundwater supplies could be an effective a long-term water supply option, except in portions of the North Canadian River alluvial aquifer. Water conservation could aid in reducing projected gaps and groundwater storage depletions or delaying the need for additional infrastructure. Moderately expanded conservation activities could reduce gaps and storage depletions throughout the region, and could eliminate bedrock groundwater storage depletions in Basin 50 and alluvial groundwater storage depletions in Basin 62. Future reductions could occur from substantially expanded conservation activities. These measures would require a shift from crops with high water demand (e.g., corn for grain and forage crops) to low water demand crops (e.g., sorghum for grain or wheat for grain) along with increased efficiency and increased public water supplier conservation. In basins with lower frequencies of shortages, temporary drought management measures may be an effective water supply option. New reservoirs and expanded use of existing reservoirs could enhance the dependability of surface water supplies and reduce gaps in some basins in the region. Several small municipal reservoirs may have unpermitted yield available for new users; however, these supplies are small compared to the demand in the region. Oklahoma City currently receives substantial supplies from the Blue-Boggy Watershed Planning Region via the Atoka pipeline. The City of Ada also receives out-of-basin supplies from Byrds Mill Spring and the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer in the Blue-Boggy Region. These out-of-basin supplies are expected to continue to provide water to the region in the future. The OCWP Reservoir Viability Study, which evaluated the potential for reservoirs throughout the state, identified 16 potentially viable sites in the Central Region. These water sources could serve as in-basin storage or out-of-basin supplies to provide additional supplies to reduce the region’s and surrounding regions’ surface water gaps and groundwater storage depletions. However, due to the distance of these potential reservoirs to demand points in each basin, this water supply option may not be cost-effective for many users. The projected growth in surface water use could instead be supplied in part by increased use of the Garber-Wellington aquifer, Canadian River aquifer, Cimarron River aquifer or the North Canadian River aquifer, which would result in small or minimal increases in projected groundwater storage depletions. However, these aquifers do not underlie the entire region and water quality may limit their use. Also, ongoing studies to determine the maximum annual yield and equal proportionate share for the Garber-Wellington aquifer may change the current amount (2 AFY/acre) of water allowed under temporary permits. Effectiveness of water supply options in each basin in the Central Region. This evaluation was based upon results of physical water supply availability analysis, existing infrastructure, and other basin-specific factors. Water Supply Option Effectiveness Central RegionCentral Regional Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Report 5 6 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Reservoirs Central Region Reservoir Name Primary Basin Number Reservoir Owner/ Operator Year Built Purpose1 Normal Pool Storage Water Supply Irrigation Water Quality Permitted Withdrawals Remaining Water Supply Yield to be Permitted Storage Yield Storage Yield Storage Yield AF AF AFY AF AFY AF AFY AFY AFY Arcadia 60 USACE 1986 FC, WS, R 29,544 23,090 12,320 --- --- --- --- 12,500 0 Bell Cow 60 City of Chandler 1990 FC, WS R 15,613 --- 4,558 --- --- --- --- 4,144 414 Chandler 60 City of Chandler 1954 WS, R 2,778 2,778 --- 0 0 0 0 882 No Known Yield El Reno 51 City of El Reno 1966 FC, R 709 --- --- 0 0 0 0 --- --- Guthrie 64 City of Guthrie 1919 WS, R 3,875 --- --- --- --- --- --- 771 --- Hefner2 64 City of Oklahoma City 1947 WS, R 68,868 75,000 --- 0 0 0 0 0 No Known Yield Holdenville 56 City of Holdenville 1931 WS, R 11,000 11,000 --- 0 0 0 0 3,150 No Known Yield Konawa 56 OG&E 1968 CW 23,000 --- --- 0 0 0 0 8,000 --- Liberty 64 City of Guthrie 1948 WS, R 2,740 --- --- 0 0 0 0 893 --- Meeker 60 City of Meeker 1970 WS, FC, R 1,976 --- 202 0 0 0 0 407 0 Okemah 60 City of Okemah N/A WS, R 10,392 10,392 2,200 --- --- --- --- 1,779 421 Overholser3 51 City of Oklahoma City 1919 WS, R 13,913 17,000 5,000 0 0 0 0 80,000 0 Prague City 60 City of Prague 1984 WS, FC, R 2,415 --- 549 0 0 0 0 549 0 Purcell 57 City of Purcell 1930 WS, R 2,600 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- Shawnee Twin Lakes 50 City of Shawnee 1935/1960 WS, R 34,000 34,000 4,400 --- --- --- --- 8,000 0 Stanley Draper4 62 City of Oklahoma City 1962 WS, R 87,296 100,000 --- 0 0 0 0 0 No Known Yield Stroud 60 City of Stroud 1968 WS, FC, R 8,800 --- 1,299 --- --- --- --- 1,100 199 Tecumseh 50 City of Tecumseh 1934 WS, R 1,118 --- --- 0 0 0 0 418 --- Thunderbird 62 Bureau of Rec./COMCD 1965 FC, WS, R, FW 105,644 105,900 21,7005 0 0 0 0 21,600 100 Wes Watkins 50 Pottawatomie Co. Dev. Auth. 1997 FC, WS, R 14,065 --- --- 0 0 0 0 5,000 --- Wetumka 50 City of Wetumka 1939 WS, R 1,839 --- --- --- --- --- --- 750 --- 1 The “Purposes” represent the use(s), as authorized by the funding entity or dam owner(s), for the reservoir storage when constructed. WS = Water Supply, FC = Flood Control, IR = Irrigation, HP = Hydroelectric Power, WQ = Water Quality, C = Conservation, R = Recreation, FW= Fish & Wildlife, CW = Cooling Water, N = Navigation, LF = Low Flow Regulation 2 Terminal storage for Oklahoma City; receives water from the North Canadian River. 3 Permitted withdrawals include allocations from the North Canadian watershed and Canton Lake. 4 Terminal storage for Oklahoma City; receives water from the Blue-Boggy Region via the Atoka pipeline. 5 Baseline yield is 15,600 AFY; the 21,700 AFY yield reflects conjunctive use of supplemental water from groundwater resources during periods of drought. No known information is annotated as “---”(70 miles long, tributary to the Little River). The Canadian River and its tributaries are located in Basins 56, 57, 58, 61, and 62. The river typically experiences high levels of chloride and total dissolved solids. The mainstem of the Cimarron River runs for 150 miles through Basin 64. Major tributaries include Turkey Creek (70 miles long) and Cottonwood Creek (60 miles long). Water quality is degraded by naturally occurring salt sources in the upper reaches near the Harper/Woods County line. Water Supply Physical Water Availability Surface Water Resources Surface water supply has historically been used to meet just over half of the demand in the Central Region. The region’s major rivers include the Canadian, Cimarron, Little, Deep Fork, and North Canadian. Many streams in this region experience a wide range of flows, including both periodic no-flow conditions and flooding events. The North Canadian River (320 miles long in the Central Region) flows from the Panhandle Region through Basins 50 and 51 in the Central Region. Total dissolved solids (TDS) and chloride levels are relatively high and Oklahoma City wastewater return flows constitute a large percentage of the North Canadian River’s total flow. The Deep Fork River originates in the Central Region and is 140 miles long in Basin 60. The river is generally of fair quality with moderate mineral content. However, the chloride content may reach high levels during certain periods of the year. The Canadian River (190 miles long in the Central Region) enters the Central Region from the West Central Region. Major tributaries in the region include Walnut Creek (25 miles long), the Little River (110 miles long), and Salt Creek As important sources of surface water in Oklahoma, reservoirs and lakes help provide dependable water supply storage, especially when streams and rivers experience periods of low seasonal flow or drought.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 7 In the Central Region, streamflow is generally intermittent. Existing reservoirs in the region increase the dependability of surface water supply for many public water systems and other users. Some reservoirs provide terminal storage for out-of-basin supplies. There are two major federal reservoirs in the region. Lake Arcadia in Basin 60 was completed in 1986 on the Deep Fork River by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for water supply, recreation, and fish and wildlife purposes. The lake provides 12,320 AFY of dependable yield, which is allocated to the City of Edmond. Lake Thunderbird in Basin 62 was built in 1965 on the Little River by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. Project purposes include flood control, water supply, recreation, and fish and wildlife. Most of Thunderbird’s water supply yield is allocated to the Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy District, which supplies municipal and industrial water to its member cities (Norman, Midwest City and Del City). There are five major municipal lakes in the Central Region. Three were constructed by the City of Oklahoma City, one by the City of Shawnee, and the fifth by the NRCS and is operated by the Pottawatomie County Development Authority. Lake Stanley Draper, in Basin 62, was constructed in 1962 by Oklahoma City and is located on East Elm Creek. The impoundment is used primary as terminal storage for water conveyed from Atoka Lake and McGee Creek in the Blue-Boggy Watershed Planning Region via the 90 mgd Atoka Pipeline. While Lake Stanley Draper has little dependable yield of its own, it can provide a dependable yield of about 86,000 AFY comprised of deliveries from Atoka and McGee Creek minus losses. Oklahoma City’s other two lakes in the Central Region, Lake Overholser in Basin 51 and Lake Hefner in Basin 64, are operated to utilize the City’s water right allocations from Canton Lake in the Panhandle Watershed Planning Region and the North Canadian River. Lake Overholser was built in 1919 on the North Canadian River for the purposes of water supply and recreation. The lake has a dependable yield of 5,000 AFY, which is supplemented by releases from Canton Lake via the North Canadian River. Lake Hefner was constructed on Bluff Creek in 1943 by Oklahoma City for the purposes of offstream water supply storage and recreation. The lake serves as terminal storage for diversions from the North Canadian River and releases from Canton Lake via a canal that diverts water from the river near Lake Overholser. The system provides a dependable yield of 80,000 AFY to Oklahoma City and is fully allocated. Shawnee Twin Lakes were constructed by the City of Shawnee on South Deer Creek in Basin 50. These two lakes, one constructed in 1935 and one in 1960, are connected by a canal and have a combined yield of 4,400 AFY that is fully allocated to the City of Shawnee. Wes Watkins Reservoir, also in Basin 50, was constructed in 1997 by the NRCS for the purposes of flood control, water supply and recreation. The lake is operated by the Pottawatomie County Development Authority. Some of the other significant lakes in the region include: Lake Wetumka and Tecumseh Lake in Basin 50; El Reno Lake in Basin 51; Konawa and Holdenville Lakes in Basin 56; Purcell Lake in Basin 57; Bell Cow, Meeker, Prague City, Stroud, Chandler, and Okemah Lakes in Basin 60; and Guthrie and Liberty Lakes in Basin 64. There are many other small Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), municipal and privately owned lakes in the region that provide water for public water supply, agricultural water supply, watershed protection, flood control and recreation. Surface Water Resources Central Region Major reservoirs in the Central Region include Arcadia, Thunderbird, Overholser, Hefner, Shawnee Twin Lakes, Wes Watkins, and Stanley Draper. These lakes may serve multiple purposes, such as water supply, irrigation, recreation, hydropower generation, and flood control. Reservoirs designed for multiple purposes typically possess a specific volume of water storage assigned for each purpose. 8 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Estimated Annual Streamflow in 2060 Central Region Streamflow Statistic Basins 50 51 56 57 58 60 62 61 64 AFY Average Annual Flow 541,500 123,000 1,082,900 55,700 420,200 631,000 127,900 239,500 796,400 Minimum Annual Flow 55,800 0 87,200 0 62,900 36,100 0 3,200 86,100 Annual streamflow in 2060 was estimated using historical gaged flow and projections of increased surface water use from 2010 to 2060. Surface Water Flows (1950-2007) Central Region Surface water sources supply about half of the demand in the Central Region. Surface water gaps can occur due to seasonal, long-term hydrologic (drought), or localized variability in surface water flows. Several large reservoirs have been constructed to reduce the impacts of drier periods on surface water users. Water Supply Availability Analysis For OCWP physical water supply availability analysis, water supplies were divided into three categories: surface water, alluvial aquifers, and bedrock aquifers. Physically available surface water refers to water currently in streams, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. The range of historical surface water availability, including droughts, is well-represented in the Oklahoma H2O tool by 58 years of monthly streamflow data (1950 to 2007) recorded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Therefore, measured streamflow, which reflects current natural and human created conditions (runoff, diversions and use of water, and impoundments and reservoirs), is used to represent the physical water that may be available to meet projected demand. The estimated average and minimum annual streamflow in 2060 were determined based on historic surface water flow measurements and projected baseline 2060 demand (see Water Demand section). The amount of streamflow in 2060 may vary from basin-level values, due to local variations in demands and local availability of supply sources. The estimated surface water supplies include changes in historical streamflow due to increased upstream demand, return flows, and increases in out-of-basin supplies from existing infrastructure. Permitting, water quality, infrastructure, non-consumptive demand, and potential climate change implications are considered in separate OCWP analyses. Past reservoir operations are reflected and accounted for in the measured historical streamflow downstream of a reservoir. For this analysis, streamflow was adjusted to reflect interstate compact provisions in accordance with existing administrative protocol. The amount of water a reservoir can provide from storage is referred to as its yield. The yield is considered the maximum amount of water a reservoir can dependably supply during critical drought periods. OCWP physical availability analyses considered the unused yield of existing reservoirs. Future potential reservoir storage was considered as a water supply option. Groundwater supplies are quantified by the amount of water that the aquifer holds (“stored” water) and the rate of aquifer recharge. In Oklahoma, recharge to aquifers is generally from precipitation that falls on the aquifer and percolates to the water table. In some cases, where the altitude of the water table is below the altitude of the stream-water surface, surface water can seep into the aquifer. For this analysis, alluvial aquifers are defined as aquifers comprised of river alluvium and terrace deposits, occurring along rivers and streams and consisting of unconsolidated deposits of sand, silt, and clay. Alluvial aquifers are generally thinner (less than 200 feet thick) than bedrock aquifers, feature shallow water tables, and are exposed at the land surface, where precipitation can readily percolate to the water table. Alluvial aquifers are considered to be more hydrologically connected with streams than are bedrock aquifers and are therefore treated separately. Bedrock aquifers consist of consolidated (solid) or partially consolidated rocks, such as sandstone, limestone, dolomite, and gypsum. Most bedrock aquifers in Oklahoma are exposed at land surface, either entirely or in part. Recharge from precipitation is limited in areas where bedrock aquifers are not exposed. For both alluvial and bedrock aquifers, this analysis was used to predict potential groundwater depletions based on the difference between the groundwater demand and recharge rate. While potential storage depletions do not affect the permit availability of water, it is important to understand the extent of these depletions.Central Regional Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Report 9 downward to sandy clay, sand, and fine gravel, Maximum thickness reaches 80 feet with well yields ranging between 100 and 200 gpm in the alluvium and 100 and 500 gpm in the terrace deposits. The terrace deposits are overlain by sand dunes. The water is very hard and is classified as calcium magnesium bicarbonate type. Extensive pumping can make this formation susceptible to salt water intrusion. The Canadian River alluvial aquifer underlies portions of Basins 51, 56, 57, 58, 61, and 62. The formation consists of clay and silt downgrading to fine- to coarse-grained sand with lenses of basal gravel. Formation thicknesses range from 20 to 40 feet in the alluvium with a maximum of 50 feet in the terrace deposits. Yields in the alluvium range between 100 and 400 gpm and between 50 and 100 gpm in the terrace. Although the water is a very hard calcium bicarbonate type with TDS concentrations of approximately 1,000 mg/L, it is generally suitable for most municipal and industrial uses. The North Canadian River alluvial aquifer underlies portions of Basins 50, 51, and 64.The formation consists of fine- to coarse-grained sand with minor clay and silt and local lenses of basal gravel overlain by dune sand. Formation thickness averages 30 feet in the alluvium with a maximum of 300 feet in the terrace deposits. Yields range between 300 and 600 gpm in the alluvium and 100 to 300 gpm in the terrace formations. The water is a very hard calcium bicarbonate type with TDS concentrations of up to 1,000 mg/L. The Cimarron River alluvial aquifer underlies a portion of Basin 64. The formation tends to consist of silt and clay deposits changing Groundwater Resources Three major bedrock aquifers underlie the Central Watershed Planning Region: Rush Springs, Garber-Wellington, and Vamoosa-Ada. Five major alluvial aquifers underlie the region: Canadian River, Cimarron River, Enid Isolated Terrace, Gerty Sand, and North Canadian River. The Garber-Wellington aquifer underlies portions of Basins 50, 51, 56, 58, 60, 61, 62, and 64. The formation consists of fine-grained sandstone interbedded with siltstone and shale. Depth to water varies from less than 100 feet to 250 feet; saturated thickness ranges from 150 to 650 feet. Wells generally yield from 200 to 400 gpm. Water quality is generally good, but in some areas, concentrations of nitrate, arsenic, chromium, and selenium may exceed drinking water standards. The Vamoosa-Ada aquifer underlies portions of Basins 50, 56, 60, 61, and 62. The formation consists of 125 to 1,000 feet of interbedded sandstone, shale, and conglomerate. Wells commonly yield 25 to 150 gpm. Water quality is generally good and suitable for use as public supply, although iron infiltration and hardness are problems in some areas and there are local problems due to contamination resulting from past oil and gas activities. The Rush Springs aquifer underlies a portion of Basin 58. The formation consists of a fine-grained sandstone aquifer with some shale, dolomite, and gypsum. Thickness of the aquifer ranges from 200 to 300 feet. Wells commonly yield 25 to 400 gpm. The water tends to be very hard, requiring water softening to address aesthetic issues for public water supply use. In some areas nitrate and sulfate concentrations exceed drinking water standards, limiting its use for drinking water. Withdrawing groundwater in quantities exceeding the amount of recharge to the aquifer may result in reduced aquifer storage. Therefore, both storage and recharge were considered in determining groundwater availability. Areas without delineated aquifers may have groundwater present. However, specific quantities, yields, and water quality in these areas are currently unknown. Groundwater Resources Central Region Aquifer Portion of Region Overlaying Aquifer Recharge Rate Current Groundwater Rights Aquifer Storage in Region Equal Proportionate Share Groundwater Available for New Permits Name Type Class1 Percent Inch/Yr AFY AF AFY/Acre AFY Canadian River Alluvial Major 9% 2.0 71,500 2,706,000 temporary 2.0 1,117,400 Cimarron River Alluvial Major 11% 2.3 152,500 3,425,000 temporary 2.0 1,257,200 East-Central Oklahoma Bedrock Minor 7% 2.8 4,100 6,771,000 temporary 2.0 864,900 El Reno Bedrock Minor 35% 0.75 31,300 11,649,000 temporary 2.0 4,457,200 Enid Isolated Terrace Alluvial Major <1% 2.3 1,300 33,000 0.5 2,600 Fairview Isolated Terrace Alluvial Minor <1% 0.75 700 78,000 temporary 2.0 50,800 Garber-Wellington Bedrock Major 27% 1.6 212,900 55,618,000 temporary 2.0 3,096,200 Gerty Sand Alluvial Major 1% 1.0 12,100 161,000 0.65 34,000 Isabella Isolated Terrace Alluvial Minor <1% 0.75 700 26,000 temporary 2.0 11,800 Loyal Isolated Terrace Alluvial Minor <1% 0.75 1,000 63,000 temporary 2.0 24,500 North Canadian River Alluvial Major 6% 1.0-5.0 79,800 3,295,000 0.8-1.3 312,200 North-Central Oklahoma Bedrock Minor 1% 1.0 1,200 688,000 temporary 2.0 176,600 Rush Springs Bedrock Major 1% 1.8 5,500 942,000 temporary 2.0 92,200 Vamoosa-Ada Bedrock Major 9% 1.4 6,800 8,015,000 2.0 1,203,400 Non-Delineated Groundwater Source Alluvial Minor 4,400 Non-Delineated Groundwater Source Bedrock Minor 7,600 1 Bedrock aquifers with typical yields greater than 50 gpm and alluvial aquifers with typical yields greater than 150 gpm are considered major. Permits to withdraw groundwater from aquifers (groundwater basins) where the maximum annual yield has not been set are “temporary” permits that allocate 2 AFY/acre. The temporary permit allocation is not based on storage, discharge or recharge amounts, but on a legislative (statute) estimate of maximum needs of most landowners to ensure sufficient availability of groundwater in advance of completed and approved aquifer studies. As a result, the estimated amount of Groundwater Available for New Permits may exceed the estimated aquifer storage amount. For aquifers (groundwater basins) where the maximum annual yield has been determined (with initial storage volumes estimated), updated estimates of amounts in storage were calculated based on actual reported use of groundwater instead of simulated usage from all lands.10 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Groundwater Resources Central Region The Gerty Sand alluvial aquifer underlies a portion of Basin 56. The formation consists of gravel, sand, silt, clay, and volcanic ash. The saturated thickness varies from 5 to 75 feet, averaging 28 feet. Depth to water ranges from 10 to 110 feet. Typical well yields vary from 100 to 450 gpm with some wells yielding as much as 850 gpm. Water quality is fair to good and moderately hard with TDS values usually less than 1,000 mg/L. The Enid Isolated Terrace alluvial aquifer underlies a small portion of Basin 64. The formation is composed of terrace deposits that consist of discontinuous layers of clay, sandy clay, sand, and gravel. Minor bedrock aquifers in the region include the East-Central Oklahoma, El Reno, and North-Central Oklahoma aquifers. Minor alluvial aquifers include the Fairview Isolated Terrace, Isabella Isolated Terrace, and Loyal Isolated Terrace. Minor aquifers may have a significant amount of water in storage and high recharge rates, but generally low yields of less than 50 gpm per well. Groundwater from minor aquifers is an important source for domestic and stock water use for individuals in outlying areas not served by rural water systems, but yields might be insufficient for high volume users.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 11 Surface Water Permit Availability Central Region There is no surface water available for new permits in Basins 50 and 51, but projections indicate that there will be surface water available for new permits through 2060 in all other basins in the Central Region. Projections indicate that the use of groundwater to meet in-basin demand is not expected to be limited by the availability of permits through 2060 in the Central Region. Groundwater Permit Availability Central Region Permit Availability For the OCWP water availability analysis, “permit availability” pertains to the amount of water that could be made available for withdrawals under permits issued in accordance with Oklahoma water law. Projections indicate that there will be no surface water available for new permits in Basins 50 and 51, but surface water will be available for new permits through 2060 in all other basins in the Central Region. For groundwater, equal proportionate shares in the Central Region range from 0.5 acre-feet per year (AFY) per acre to 2 AFY per acre. If water authorized by a stream water right is not put to beneficial use within the specified time, the OWRB may reduce or cancel the unused amount and return the water to the public domain for appropriation to others. Water Use Permitting in Oklahoma Oklahoma stream water laws are based on riparian and prior appropriation doctrines. Riparian rights to a reasonable use of water, in addition to domestic use, are not subject to permitting or oversight by the OWRB. An appropriative right to stream water is based on the prior appropriation doctrine, which is often described as “first in time, first in right.” If a water shortage occurs, the diverter with the older appropriative water right will have first right among other appropriative right holders to divert the available water up to the authorized amount. The permit availability of surface water is based on the average annual flow in the basin, the amount of water that flows past the proposed diversion point, and existing water uses upstream and downstream in the basin. The permit availability of surface water at the outlet of each basin in the region was estimated through OCWP technical analyses. The current allocated use for each basin is also noted to give an indication of the portion of the average annual streamflow used by existing water right holders. A site-specific analysis is conducted before issuing a permit. Groundwater permit availability is generally based on the amount of land owned or leased that overlies a specific aquifer (groundwater basin). State law provides for the OWRB to conduct hydrologic investigations of groundwater basins and to determine amounts of water that may be withdrawn. After a hydrologic investigation has been conducted on a groundwater basin, the OWRB determines the maximum annual yield of the basin. Based on the “equal proportionate share”—defined as the portion of the maximum annual yield of water from a groundwater basin that is allocated to each acre of land overlying the basin—regular permits are issued to holders of existing temporary permits and to new permit applicants. Equal proportionate shares have yet to be determined on many aquifers in the state. For those aquifers, “temporary” permits are granted to users allocating two acre-feet of water per acre of land per year. When the equal proportionate share and maximum annual yield are approved by the OWRB, all temporary permits overlying the studied basin are converted to regular permits at the new approved allocation rate. As with stream water, a groundwater permit grants only the right to withdraw water; it does not ensure yield.12 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Water Quality Water quality of the Central Watershed Planning Region is defined by numerous minor and major water supply reservoirs and the middle Cimarron and lower Canadian River watersheds. The area is co-dominated by two ecoregions, the Central Great Plains (CGP) to the west and the Cross Timbers (CT) to the east. Several additional ecoregions intersect the periphery of the planning region, but their impact is minimal and they will not be addressed in this discussion. The western half of the planning region is characterized by the Prairie Tablelands and several other intervening CGP ecoregions, the Pleistocene Sand Dunes/Sandsage Grassland, and Gypsum Hills. The Cimarron and North Canadian Rivers drain the area from northwest to southeast, and the Canadian River intersects the area in the south. The Prairie Tablelands are nearly level, underlain by shale, sandstone, and siltstone. They are dominated by cropland with dense mixed grass prairies. Streams are typically turbid and silt-dominated with some sand, lying in broad, shallow, low gradient channels with highly incised banks. The tributaries of the major rivers best exemplify water quality in the tablelands. These include Buggy Creek along the Canadian, and from west to east on the Cimarron, Eagle Chief, Turkey, Kingfisher, and Cottonwood Creeks. Salinity is high throughout the watersheds. Mean conductivities range from 1,029 μS/cm on Cottonwood Creek to near 2,300 μS/cm on Kingfisher Creek, while Buggy Creek is 1,100 μS/cm. Nutrient concentrations are also high. Mean concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) range from 0.18 and 2.05 ppm on Kingfisher Creek to 0.98 and 4.08 ppm on Cottonwood Creek. Buggy Creek is similar with mean TP and TN of 0.38 and 2.0 ppm. Water clarity is poor to very poor, with mean turbidity ranging from 65 NTU on Eagle Chief Creek to 184 NTU on Cottonwood Creek; Buggy Creek is 160 NTU. Ecological diversity is average and highly impacted by siltation/sedimentation, habitat degradation, and channelization. Conversely, the Pleistocene Sand Dunes have more permeable sandy soils interlaced with springs and inter-dune wetlands. Streams have incised, highly erodible banks but are typically sandy. The northern and eastern banks of the major river systems are influenced heavily by the features and are typically sandier than many of their tributaries. The Cimarron and North Canadian best exemplify the area, as well as El Reno Lake in the North Canadian watershed. Salinity on the Cimarron is very high and steadily decreases from west to east. Near Waynoka, mean conductivity is nearly 29,000 μS/cm, but at Guthrie, it decreases to 8,730 μS/cm. Salinity on the North Canadian (including El Reno Lake) and Canadian is much lower with mean conductivities of 1,350-1,400 μS/cm. Nutrient concentrations increase steadily along the Cimarron. Near Waynoka, the river is mesotrophic, with low TP and TN mean concentrations of 0.05 and 0.69 ppm. The river gradually becomes eutrophic to hyper-eutrophic; at Guthrie, TP and TN increase to 0.36 and 1.95 ppm. The North Canadian and Canadian are also hyper-eutrophic, with TP ranging from 0.20-0.22 ppm and TN from 0.99-1.24 ppm. El Reno Lake is hyper-eutrophic and nitrogen-limited. Water clarity is excellent to average on the Cimarron with mean turbidity values of 6 Lake Trophic Status A lake’s trophic state, essentially a measure of its biological productivity, is a major determinant of water quality. Oligotrophic: Low primary productivity and/or low nutrient levels. Mesotrophic: Moderate primary productivity with moderate nutrient levels. Eutrophic: High primary productivity and nutrient rich. Hypereutrophic: Excessive primary productivity and excessive nutrients. The Central Planning Region is a transitional area between the Central Great Plains and Cross Timbers. Water quality is highly influenced by both geology and land use practices, and is generally poor to good depending on drainage and location. Ecoregions Central Region Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 13 NTU near Waynoka and 33 NTU near Guthrie. The North Canadian has good clarity (18 NTU) while the Canadian is average (40 NTU). El Reno Lake has poor clarity. Ecological diversity is good in the Canadian watersheds but can be impacted by habitat degradation, channelization, and sedimentation. Conversely, diversity in the Cimarron is low and is naturally impacted by higher than normal salinity and also by flow modification and sedimentation. The Gypsum Hills are characterized by breaks, escarpments, gorges, ledges, caves, and canyons. Geological features were formed by the differential erosion of underlying gypsum, shale, dolomite, fine sand, and rock salt. The features create flora and fauna that are unique within the CGP. The area is covered by mixed grass prairie and intermittent tree groves. Streams are typically bedrock/gravel/cobble, with habitat that is typically more diverse than surrounding areas. Griever Creek has relatively high salinity (mean conductivity = 2,870 μS/cm), and poor water clarity (58 NTU). However, nutrient concentrations are low with mean TP of 0.11 and TN of 0.70 ppm. The Northern Cross Timbers extends from roughly the center of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area south to Purcell and east through the remainder of the region. The Northern Timbers is densely forested and covered by a variety of flora including oak savanna, scrub oak forest, eastern red cedar, and intervening grasslands. Land use is mixed with rangeland, cropland, urban, and intense oil/natural gas production, which has led to higher than normal salinity in some watersheds. Streams are typically contained in shallow, sandy channels and are normally moderately to heavily incised. However, deep pools, riffles, and rocky substrates exist in various parts of the area. Ecological diversity is mixed and can be affected by habitat degradation, flow modification, channelization, and sedimentation/ siltation. The area is best exemplified by the lower North Canadian and Canadian River watersheds, including the Deep Fork of the Water Quality Standards Implementation Central Region BUMP monitoring sites and streams with TMDL studies completed or underway. The Oklahoma Conservation Commission has begun a watershed implementation project on Lake Thunderbird to address non-point source runoff through low-impact development. The Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality has completed TMDL studies on North Canadian River, Turkey Creek, and Little Turkey Creek. Several other TMDL studies are underway or scheduled. Water Quality Standards and Implementation The Oklahoma Water Quality Standards (OWQS) are the cornerstone of the state’s water quality management programs. They are a set of rules promulgated under the federal Clean Water Act and state statutes to maintain and protect the quality of state waters. The OWQS designate beneficial uses for streams, lakes and other bodies of surface water, and for groundwater that has a mean concentration of Total Dissolved Solids of 10,000 milligrams per liter or less. Beneficial uses are the activities for which a waterbody can be used based on physical, chemical, and biological characteristics as well as geographic setting, scenic quality, and economic considerations. Beneficial uses include such categories as Fish and Wildlife Propagation, Public and Private Water Supply, Primary (or Secondary) Body Contact Recreation, Agriculture, and Aesthetics. The OWQS also contain standards for maintaining and protecting these uses. The purpose of the OWQS is to promote and protect as many beneficial uses as are attainable and to assure that degradation of existing quality of waters of the state does not occur. The OWQS are applicable to all activities which may affect the water quality of waters of the state, and are to be utilized by all state environmental agencies in implementing their programs to protect water quality. Some examples of these implementation programs are: permits for point source (e.g. municipal and industrial) discharges into waters of the state; authorizations for waste disposal from concentrated animal feeding operations; regulation of runoff from nonpoint sources; and corrective actions to clean up polluted waters. 14 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan North Canadian and the Little River, as well as numerous municipal and regional water supply lakes including Arcadia, Bell Cow, Chandler, Holdenville, Konawa, Meeker, Okemah, Prague City, Shawnee Twins, Stanley Draper, Stroud, Thunderbird, Tecumseh, Wes Watkins, and Wetumka. Stream salinity, although still considered high, decreases notably from the upper portions of the watersheds. The Canadian watershed is higher with a mean conductivity of 975-1,070 μS/cm on the mainstem and 1,210 on the Little River. The North Canadian is lower, with conductivity ranging from 720-850 μS/cm on the mainstem and 675-815 μS/cm on the Deep Fork. Reservoir salinity is typically low to moderate with some reservoirs ranging from 75-275 μS/cm while others have values as high as 350-450 μS/cm (Bell Cow and Thunderbird). Lake Konawa is high, with an approximate mean of 1,100 μS/cm. Stream nutrient concentrations are relatively high throughout the area and decrease at downstream sites as the watershed moves away from the Oklahoma City metropolitan area. The TP means are 0.31-0.36 ppm (Canadian), 0.68-0.94 ppm (North Canadian), and 0.19-0.34 ppm (Deep Fork). The TN means are 1.47-1.81 ppm (Canadian), 2.72-4.24 ppm (North Canadian), and 1.04-2.19 ppm (Deep Fork). The TP and TN means for Little River are relatively low at 0.16 and 0.83 ppm. While the Deep Fork and Little River remain oligotrophic, all other waters are hyper-eutrophic. All lakes are phosphorus limited and are mesotrophic or eutrophic (Arcadia, Bell Cow, Chandler, Konawa, Thunderbird, and Wes Watkins). Stream water clarity is nearly always poor to very poor and decreases downstream. Turbidity means are 52 NTU (Little River) 49-53 NTU (Canadian), 70-124 NTU (North Canadian), and 38-80 NTU (Deep Fork). Reservoir clarity is diverse and is categorized as poor (Meeker Secchi depth = 10 cm), average (Thunderbird = 53 cm), good (Prague City = 74 cm), and excellent (Stroud = 126 cm). Dividing the Prairie Tablelands and Northern Cross Timbers is the Cross Timbers Transition. The transition is a hybrid mix of rough plains covered by prairie grasses and oak/elm and cedar forests, with cropland and rangeland as land uses. Water Quality Impairments A waterbody is considered to be impaired when its quality does not meet the standards prescribed for its beneficial uses. For example, impairment of the Public and Private Water Supply beneficial use means the use of the waterbody as a drinking water supply is hindered. Impairment of the Agricultural use means the use of the waterbody for livestock watering, irrigation or other agricultural uses is hindered. Impairments can exist for other uses such as Fish and Wildlife Propagation or Recreation. The Beneficial Use Monitoring Program (BUMP), established in 1998 to document and quantify impairments of assigned beneficial uses of the state’s lakes and streams, provides information for supporting and updating the OWQS and prioritizing pollution control programs. A set of rules known as “use support assessment protocols” is also used to determine whether beneficial uses of waterbodies are being supported. In an individual waterbody, after impairments have been identified, a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) study is conducted to establish the sources of impairments—whether from point sources (discharges) or non-point sources (runoff). The study will then determine the amount of reduction necessary to meet the applicable water quality standards in that waterbody and allocate loads among the various contributors of pollution. For more detailed review of the state’s water quality conditions, see the most recent versions of the OWRB’s BUMP Report, and the Oklahoma Integrated Water Quality Assessment Report, a comprehensive assessment of water quality in Oklahoma’s streams and lakes required by the federal Clean Water Act and developed by the ODEQ. Water Quality Impairments Central Region Regional water quality impairments based on the 2008 Integrated Water Quality Assessment Report. Many surface waters in this region are impacted by urbanization, including increased nutrients and sediment as well as stream habitat alterations due to increases in impervious surfaces. Water from the Garber-Wellington (Central Oklahoma) aquifer is typically suited for public water supply but, in some areas, concentrations of nitrate, arsenic, chromium, and selenium exceed drinking water standards. Elevated concentrations of nitrate can occur in shallow water, which can be a concern for domestic well users. Elevated concentrations of arsenic, chromium, and selenium occur in deep parts of the aquifer, mostly affecting public water supply wells. The highest concentrations of arsenic tend to occur in the western portion of the aquifer where it is overlain by younger rocks.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 15 In the central region, the major land use is urban, as much of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area overlays the ecoregion. Streams are typically rockier and less muddy than other streams in the region. Ecological diversity is higher than areas to the west but lower than regions to the east and is affected by habitat degradation, channelization, flow modifications, and sedimentation/siltation. The North Canadian and Canadian pass through the area and several major and minor water supply lakes exist there, including Guthrie, Liberty, Hefner, Overholser and Purcell. Stream salinity is high, ranging from 915 μS/cm (North Canadian) to 1,260 (Canadian). Lake salinity is moderate (Purcell = 400 μS/cm) to high (Hefner = 1,100 μS/cm). With the North Canadian having higher nutrient concentrations, rivers are hyper-eutrophic. The TP and TN mean concentrations range from 0.47-1.18 ppm and 2.70-4.31 ppm. All reservoirs are phosphorus limited, with the exception of Purcell Lake (eutrophic), and are hyper-eutrophic. Stream clarity is good on the North Canadian (34 NTU) but poor on the Canadian (80 NTU). Lake clarity is typically average (Liberty = 42 cm) to good (Hefner = 92 cm), but Overholser nears poor (32 cm). The Central region is underlain by several major and minor bedrock and alluvial aquifers. In most alluvial aquifers, water quality is good with variable dissolved solid contents. Except for hardness and localized nitrate problems, alluvial groundwater is appropriate for domestic, irrigation, industrial, and municipal use. Alluvial aquifers are highly vulnerable to contamination from surface activities due to their high porosities and permeabilities and shallow water tables. The Rush Springs aquifer borders the southern edge of the region. Although comparatively hard, most of the water derived from it is suitable for domestic, municipal, irrigation, and industrial use with total dissolved solids (TDS) values generally less than 500 ppm. However, sulfate and nitrate concentrations exceed drinking water standards in some areas. The Garber-Wellington runs through the central portion of the region and underlies much of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area. Water ranges from hard to very hard, and in general, concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate are low. Water from the aquifer is normally suitable for public water supply, but concentrations of nitrates, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, arsenic, chromium, and selenium may exceed drinking water standards in localized areas. The Vamoosa-Ada runs adjacent to the Garber-Wellington and underlies portions of Lincoln, Okfuskee, Seminole, and Pottawatomie Counties. Water quality is generally good, but iron infiltration and hardness are problems. Chloride and sulfate concentrations are generally low, and except for areas of local contamination resulting from past oil and gas activities, water is suitable for use as public supply. Surface Waters with Designated Beneficial Use for Public/Private Water Supply Central Region Surface Waters with Designated Beneficial Use for Agriculture Central Region16 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Special OWQS provisions in place to protect surface waters. Because Wes Watkins Reservoir and Lake Wetumka are public water supply reservoirs and have relatively small watersheds, they could potentially benefit from SWS designations. This designation could provide protection from new or increased loading from point sources in the watersheds. This additional protection would also provide limits for algae (chlorophyll a) that can cause taste and odor problems and increased treatment costs. Surface Water Protection Areas Central Region Surface Water Protection The Oklahoma Water Quality Standards (OWQS) provide protection for surface waters in many ways. Appendix B Areas are designated in the OWQS as containing waters of recreational and/or ecological significance. Discharges to waterbodies may be limited in these areas. Source Water Protection Areas are derived from the state’s Source Water Protection Program, which analyzes existing and potential threats to the quality of public drinking water in Oklahoma. The High Quality Waters designation in the OWQS refers to waters that exhibit water quality exceeding levels necessary to support the propagation of fishes, shellfishes, wildlife, and recreation in and on the water. This designation prohibits any new point source discharges or additional load or increased concentration of specified pollutants. The Sensitive Water Supplies (SWS) designation applies to public and private water supplies possessing conditions making them more susceptible to pollution events, thus requiring additional protection. This designation restricts point source discharges in the watershed and institutes a 10 μg/L (micrograms per liter) chlorophyll-a criterion to protect against taste and odor problems and reduce water treatment costs. Outstanding Resource Waters are those constituting outstanding resources or of exceptional recreational and/or ecological significance. This designation prohibits any new point source discharges or additional load or increased concentration of specified pollutants. Waters designated as Scenic Rivers in Appendix A of the OWQS are protected through restrictions on point source discharges in the watershed. A 0.037 mg/L total phosphorus criterion is applied to all Scenic Rivers in Oklahoma. Nutrient Limited Watersheds are those containing a waterbody with a designated beneficial use that is adversely affected by excess nutrients.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 17 Various types of protection are in place to prevent degradation of groundwater and levels of vulnerability. The Cimarron, North Canadian, and Canadian alluvial aquifers have been identified by the OWRB as highly vulnerable. Groundwater Protection Areas Central Region Groundwater Protection The Oklahoma Water Quality Standards (OWQS) sets the criteria for protection of groundwater quality as follows: “If the concentration found in the test sample exceeds [detection limit], or if other substances in the groundwater are found in concentrations greater than those found in background conditions, that groundwater shall be deemed to be polluted and corrective action may be required.” Wellhead Protection Areas are established by the Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality (ODEQ) to improve drinking water quality through the protection of groundwater supplies. The primary goal is to minimize the risk of pollution by limiting potential pollution-related activities on land around public water supplies. Oil and Gas Production Special Requirement Areas, enacted to protect groundwater and/or surface water, can consist of specially lined drilling mud pits (to prevent leaks and spills) or tanks whose contents are removed upon completion of drilling activities; well set-back distances from streams and lakes; restrictions on fluids and chemicals; or other related protective measures. Nutrient-Vulnerable Groundwater is a designation given to certain hydrogeologic basins that are designated by the OWRB as having high or very high vulnerability to contamination from surface sources of pollution. This designation can impact land application of manure for regulated agriculture facilities. Appendix H Limited Areas of Groundwater are localized areas where quality is unsuitable for default beneficial uses due to natural conditions or irreversible human-induced pollution. (Not shown on map.) NOTE: Although the State of Oklahoma has a mature and successful surface water quality monitoring program, no comprehensive approach or plan to monitor the quality of the state’s groundwater resources has been developed.18 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Water Quality Trends Study As part of the 2012 OCWP Update, OWRB monitoring staff compiled more than ten years of Beneficial Use Monitoring Program (BUMP) data and other resources to initiate an ongoing statewide comprehensive analysis of surface water quality trends. Five parameters were selected for OCWP watershed planning region analysis—chlorophyll-a, conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and turbidity. Reservoir Trends: Water quality trends for reservoirs were analyzed for chlorophyll-a, conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and turbidity at sixty-five (65) reservoirs across the state. Data sets were of various lengths, depending on the station’s period of record. The direction and magnitude of trends varies throughout the state and within regions. However, when considered statewide, the final trend analysis revealed several notable details. Chlorophyll-a and nutrient concentrations continue to increase at a number • of lakes. The proportions of lakes exhibiting a significant upward trend were 42% for chlorophyll-a, 45% for total nitrogen, and 12% for total phosphorus. Likewise, conductivity and turbidity have trended upward over time. Nearly • 28% of lakes show a significant upward trend in turbidity, while nearly 45% demonstrate a significant upward trend for conductivity. Stream Trends: Water quality trends for streams were analyzed for conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and turbidity at sixty (60) river stations across the state. Data sets were of various lengths, depending on the station’s period of record, but generally, data were divided into historical and recent datasets, and analyzed separately and as a whole. The direction and magnitude of trends varies throughout the state and within regions. However, when considered statewide, the final trend analysis revealed several notable details. Total nitrogen and phosphorus are very different when comparing period of • record to more recent data. When considering the entire period of record, approximately 80% of stations showed a downward trend in nutrients. However, if only the most recent data (approximately 10 years) are considered, the percentage of stations with a downward trend decreases to 13% for nitrogen and 30% for phosphorus. The drop is accounted for in stations with either significant upward trends or no detectable trend. Likewise, general turbidity trends have changed over time. Over the entire • period of record, approximately 60% of stations demonstrated a significant upward trend. However, more recently, that proportion has dropped to less than 10%. Similarly, general conductivity trends have changed over time, albeit less • dramatically. Over the entire period of record, approximately 45% of stations demonstrated a significant upward trend. However, more recently, that proportion has dropped to less than 30%. Typical Impact of Trends Study Parameters Chlorophyll-a is a measure of algae growth. When algae growth increases, there is an increased likelihood of taste and odor problems in drinking water as well as aesthetic issues. Conductivity is a measure of the ability of water to pass electrical current. In water, conductivity is affected by the presence of inorganic dissolved solids, such as chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and phosphate anions (ions that carry a negative charge) or sodium, magnesium, calcium, iron, and aluminum cations (ions that carry a positive charge). Conductivity in streams and rivers is heavily dependent upon regional geology and discharges. High specific conductance indicates high concentrations of dissolved solids, which can affect the suitability of water for domestic, industrial, agricultural and other uses. At higher conductivity levels, drinking water may have an unpleasant taste or odor or may even cause gastrointestinal distress. High concentration may also cause deterioration of plumbing fixtures and appliances. Relatively expensive water treatment processes, such as reverse osmosis, are required to remove excessive dissolved solids from water. Concerning agriculture, most crops cannot survive if the salinity of the water is too high. Total Nitrogen is a measure of all dissolved and suspended nitrogen in a water sample. It includes kjeldahl nitrogen (ammonia + organic), nitrate and nitrite nitrogen. It is naturally abundant in the environment and is a key element necessary for growth of plants and animals. Excess nitrogen from polluting sources can lead to significant water quality problems, including harmful algal blooms, hypoxia and declines in wildlife and its habitat. Phosphorus is one of the key elements necessary for growth of plants and animals. Excess nitrogen and phosphorus lead to significant water quality problems, including harmful algal blooms, hypoxia, and declines in wildlife and its habitat. Increases in total phosphorus can lead to excessive growth of algae, which can increase taste and odor problems in drinking water as well as increased costs for treatment. Turbidity refers to the clarity of water. The greater the amount of total suspended solids (TSS) in the water, the murkier it appears and the higher the measured turbidity. Increases in turbidity can increase treatment costs and have negative effects on aquatic communities by reducing light penetration.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 19 Lake Water Quality Trends Central Region Site Arcadia Chandler Guthrie Hefner Holdenville Meeker Okemah Overholser Shawnee Twin #1 Shawnee Twin #2 Stanley Draper Stroud Thunderbird Parameter (1989-2007) (1995-2008) (1994-2006) (1996-2006) (1994-2007) (1994-2009) (1994-2007) (1994-2006) (1995-2006) (1995-2008) (1994-2006) (1994-2006) (1995-2009) Chlorophyll-a (mg/m3) NT NT NT NT NT NT NT Conductivity (us/cm) NT NT NT Total Nitrogen (mg/L) NT NT NT NT Total Phosphorus (mg/L) NT NT NT NT NT NT Turbidity (NTU) NT NT NT NT NT NT Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend NT = No significant trend detectedTrend magnitude and statistical confidence levels vary for each site. Site-specific information can be obtained from the OWRB Water Quality Division. A notable concern in the Central Region is: Significant upward trend for chlorophyll-a, conductivity, turbidity and total nitrogen at numerous reservoirs• Stream Water Quality Trends Central Region Site Deep Fork of the North Canadian River near Beggs Little River near Sasakwa North Canadian River near El Reno North Canadian River near Shawnee North Canadian River near Wetumka Parameter All Data Trend (1946-1993, 1998-2009)1 Recent Trend (1998-2009) All Data Trend (1951-1993, 1998-2009)1 Recent Trend (1998-2009) All Data Trend (1950-1993, 1998-2009)1 Recent Trend (1998-2009) All Data Trend (1968-1996, 1997-2009)1 Recent Trend (1997-2009) All Data Trend (1951-1995, 1999-2009)1 Recent Trend (1999-2009) Conductivity (us/cm) NT NT NT NT NT Total Nitrogen (mg/L) NT Total Phosphorus (mg/L) NT NT Turbidity (NTU) NT NT NT NT NT Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend NT = No significant trend detectedTrend magnitude and statistical confidence levels vary for each site. Site-specific information can be obtained from the OWRB Water Quality Division. 1 Date ranges for analyzed data represent the earliest site visit date and may not be representative of all parameters. Notable concerns in the Central Region are: Significant upward trend for recent turbidity and nutrient data at various stations on the Canadian, Cimarron, Deep Fork, and North Canadian Rivers• Significant upward trends in conductivity on both the Canadian and Cimarron Rivers• 20 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Water Demand The Central Region accounts for about 18% of the total statewide water demand. Regional demand will increase by 32% (107,250 AFY) from 2010 to 2060. Municipal and Industrial use will continue to be the largest demand sector. By 2060, Municipal and Industrial (M&I) demand is projected to account for approximately 58% of the Central Region’s total demand. Currently, 62% of the region’s M&I demand is supplied by surface water, 12% by alluvial groundwater, and 26% by bedrock groundwater. Crop Irrigation demand is expected to account for 16% of the region’s total 2060 demand. Currently, 25% of the demand from this sector is supplied by surface water, 58% by alluvial groundwater, and 17% by bedrock groundwater. Predominant irrigated crops in the Central Region include pasture grasses, corn, and sod. Thermoelectric Power demand is projected to account for 14% of the total 2060 demand. There are a number of plants using water for thermoelectric power generation; the three largest are Oklahoma Gas and Electric Co’s Seminole plant and McClain Energy Facility and InterGen North America’s Redbud Power Plant. Currently, 89% of the demand from this sector is supplied by surface water, 10% by alluvial groundwater, and 1% by bedrock groundwater. Oil and Gas demand is projected to account for 5% of the total 2060 demand. Currently, 68% of the demand from this sector is supplied by surface water, 12% by alluvial groundwater, and 20% by bedrock groundwater. Livestock demand is projected to account for 3% of the total 2060 demand. Currently, 26% of the demand from this sector is supplied by surface water, 54% by alluvial groundwater, and 20% by bedrock groundwater. Livestock use in the region is predominantly cattle for cow-calf production, followed by horses, hogs, and dairy cows. Self-Supplied Residential demand is also projected to account for 3% of the total 2060 demand. Currently, 71% of the demand from this sector is supplied by alluvial groundwater and 31% by bedrock groundwater. Self-Supplied Industrial demand is projected to account for 1% of the total 2060 demand. Currently, 63% of the demand from this sector is supplied by surface water and 37% by bedrock groundwater. Total 2060 Water Demand by Sector and Basin (Percent of Total Basin Demand) Central Region Projected water demand by sector. Municipal and Industrial is expected to remain the largest demand sector in the region, accounting for 58% of the total regional demand in 2060. Population and demand projection data developed specifically for OCWP analyses focus on retail customers for whom the system provides direct service. These estimates were generated from Oklahoma Department of Commerce population projections. In addition, the 2008 OCWP Provider Survey contributed critical information on water production and population serviced that was used to calculate per capita water use. Population for 2010 was estimated and may not reflect actual 2010 Census values. Exceptions to this methodology are noted. Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 21 The Central Region’s water needs account for about 18% of the total statewide demand. Regional demand will increase by 32% (107,250 AFY) from 2010 to 2060. Municipal and Industrial use will continue to be the largest demand sector. Total Water Demand by Sector Central Region Planning Horizon Crop Irrigation Livestock Municipal & Industrial Oil & Gas Self-Supplied Industrial Self-Supplied Residential Thermoelectric Power Total AFY 2010 58,100 13,850 208,390 7,100 2,420 8,680 37,100 335,640 2020 60,700 14,020 222,260 12,450 2,420 9,370 41,390 362,620 2030 63,290 14,190 233,370 12,900 2,510 9,990 46,180 382,430 2040 65,890 14,360 242,520 14,680 2,690 10,580 51,520 402,240 2050 67,880 14,530 249,970 17,240 2,870 11,140 57,470 421,100 2060 71,080 14,700 257,500 20,700 3,060 11,730 64,120 442,890 Total Water Demand by Sector Central Region Supply Sources Used to Meet Current Demand (2010) Central Region Water Demand Water demand refers to the amount of water required to meet the needs of people, communities, industry, agriculture, and other users. Growth in water demand frequently corresponds to growth in population, agriculture, industry, or related economic activity. Demands have been projected from 2010 to 2060 in ten-year increments for seven distinct consumptive water demand sectors. Water Demand Sectors nThermoelectric Power: Thermoelectric power producing plants, using both self-supplied water and municipal-supplied water, are included in the thermoelectric power sector. Self-Supplied Residential: Households on private wells that are not connected to a public water supply system are included in the SSR sector. nSelf-Supplied Industrial: Demands from large industries that do not directly depend upon a public water supply system. Available water use data and employment counts were included in this sector. nOil and Gas: Oil and gas drilling and exploration activities, excluding water used at oil and gas refineries (typically categorized as Self-Supplied industrial use), are included in the oil and gas sector. nMunicipal and Industrial: These demands represent water that is provided by public water systems to homes, businesses, and industries throughout Oklahoma, excluding water supplied to thermoelectric power plants. nLivestock: Livestock demands were evaluated by livestock group (beef, poultry, etc.) based on the 2007 Agriculture Census. nCrop Irrigation: Water demands for crop irrigation were estimated using the 2007 Agriculture Census data for irrigated acres by crop type and county. Crop irrigation requirements were obtained primarily from the Natural Resource Conservation Service Irrigation Guide Reports. OCWP demands were not projected for non-consumptive or instream water uses, such as hydroelectric power generation, fish and wildlife, recreation and instream flow maintenance. Projections, which were augmented through user/stakeholder input, are based on standard methods using data specific to each sector and planning basin. Projections were initially developed for each county in the state, then allocated to each of the 82 basins. To provide regional context, demands were aggregated by Watershed Planning Region. Water shortages were calculated at the basin level to more accurately determine areas where shortages may occur. Therefore, gaps, depletions, and options are presented in detail in the Basin Summaries and subsequent sections. Future demand projections were developed independent of available supply, water quality, or infrastructure considerations. Impacts of climate change, increased efficiency, conservation, and non-consumptive uses, such as hydropower, are presented in supplemental OCWP reports. Present and future demands were applied to supply source categories to facilitate an evaluation of potential surface water gaps and aquifer storage depletions at the basin level. For this baseline analysis, the proportion of each supply source used to meet future demands for each sector was held constant at the proportion established through current active water use permit allocations. For example, if the crop irrigation sector in a basin currently uses 80% bedrock groundwater, then 80% of that projected future demand is assumed to use bedrock groundwater. Existing out-of-basin supplies are represented as surface water supplies in the receiving basin and as demand on the source basin.22 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Public Water Providers There are more than 1,600 Oklahoma water systems permitted or regulated by the Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality (ODEQ); 785 systems were analyzed in detail for the 2012 OCWP Update. The public systems selected for inclusion, which collectively supply approximately 94 percent of the state’s current population, consist of municipal or community water systems and rural water districts that were readily identifiable as non-profit, local governmental entities. This and other information provided in the OCWP will support provider-level planning by providing insight into future supply and infrastructure needs. The Central Watershed Planning Region includes 119 of the 785 public supply systems analyzed for the 2012 OCWP Update. The Public Water Providers map indicates the approximate service areas of these systems. (The map may not accurately represent existing service areas or legal boundaries. In addition, water systems often serve multiple counties and can extend into multiple planning basins and regions.) In terms of population served (excluding provider-to-provider sales), the five largest systems in the region, in decreasing order, are Oklahoma City, Norman, Edmond PWA, Midwest City, and Moore. Together, these five systems serve more than 71 percent of the combined OCWP public water providers’ population in the region. Demands upon public water systems, which comprise the majority of the OCWP’s Municipal and Industrial (M&I) water demand sector, were analyzed at both the basin and provider level. Retail demand projections detailed in the Public Water Provider Demand Forecast table were developed for each of the OCWP providers in the region. These projections include estimated system losses, defined as water lost either during water production or distribution to residential homes and businesses. Retail demands do not include wholesaled water. OCWP provider demand forecasts are not intended to supersede water demand forecasts developed by individual providers. OCWP analyses were made using a consistent methodology based on accepted data available on a statewide basis. Where available, provider-generated forecasts were also reviewed as part of this effort. Public Water Providers Central Region Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 23 Provider SDWIS ID1 County Retail Per Capita (GPD)2 Population Served 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 ADA OK2006201 Pontotoc 231 26,677 27,698 28,652 29,606 30,495 31,368 ALINE OK2000206 Alfalfa 233 215 215 215 215 215 225 AMES OK2004403 Major 101 199 199 199 199 209 209 ASHER UTIL DEV AUTH OK3006311 Pottawatomie 133 385 411 437 462 479 505 BETHANY OK2005519 Oklahoma 105 21,362 22,392 23,314 24,007 24,512 25,017 BLANCHARD OK3004710 McClain 324 3,791 4,423 5,009 5,595 6,204 6,824 BOWLEGS/LIMA WATER OK2006701 Seminole 88 3,048 3,128 3,209 3,289 3,369 3,449 BRISTOW MUN AUTH3 OK2001910 Creek 155 4,620 4,940 5,190 5,430 5,660 5,920 BROOKSVILLE OK2006363 Pottawatomie 88 96 96 105 115 115 124 CALUMET OK2000904 Canadian 174 552 608 655 692 730 758 CALVIN OK2003201 Hughes 100 312 342 383 423 463 503 CANADIAN CO RWD # 1 OK2000908 Canadian 108 671 737 787 832 873 913 CANADIAN CO RWD # 4 OK2000930 Canadian 135 1,006 1,105 1,181 1,248 1,309 1,370 CANADIAN CO WATER AUTHORITY OK3000903 Canadian 82 1,620 1,780 1,902 2,009 2,107 2,206 CANTON OK2000607 Blaine 100 662 723 784 846 907 978 CARMEN OK2000207 Alfalfa 102 420 420 420 420 431 431 CARNEY OK2004104 Lincoln 80 666 723 780 828 885 942 CASHION OK3003703 Kingfisher 112 657 730 815 888 973 1,058 CENTRAL OKLAHOMA MCD (Wholesaler only) None Cleveland 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CHANDLER OK1020702 Lincoln 375 2,910 3,176 3,394 3,621 3,858 4,105 CHOCTAW OK2005510 Oklahoma 102 3,892 4,079 4,247 4,372 4,466 4,556 CIMARRON CITY OK2004253 Logan 380 52 56 60 65 73 77 CLEO SPRINGS OK2004402 Major 153 326 326 326 326 336 336 COLE OK3004708 McClain 163 494 574 653 732 812 891 CRESCENT OK2004204 Logan 126 1,454 1,633 1,792 1,952 2,111 2,280 DACOMA PWA OK3007607 Woods 92 130 130 130 130 130 139 DAVENPORT UTILITY AUTH OK3004104 Lincoln 72 904 989 1,056 1,123 1,199 1,275 DEER CREEK RURAL WATER CORP OK2005504 Oklahoma 188 4,576 4,799 4,996 5,145 5,252 5,362 DEL CITY OK1020805 Oklahoma 100 22,507 23,599 24,566 25,294 25,831 26,357 DEPEW OK2001903 Creek 73 576 615 647 676 706 738 DIBBLE OK3004709 McClain 86 332 390 439 488 546 595 DOVER PUBLIC WORKS TRUST AUTH OK2003705 Kingfisher 92 412 464 515 567 619 670 DRUMMOND OK3002401 Garfield 60 425 446 456 466 477 487 Public Water Providers/Retail Population Served (1 of 4) Central Region24 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Public Water Providers/Retail Population Served (2 of 4) Central Region Provider SDWIS ID1 County Retail Per Capita (GPD)2 Population Served 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 EDMOND PWA4 OK1020723 Oklahoma 125 68,800 81,993 95,337 108,830 122,474 136,267 EL RENO OK2000902 Canadian 197 18,886 20,723 22,161 23,400 24,544 25,709 FAIRVIEW OK2004404 Major 78 2,709 2,749 2,749 2,790 2,820 2,860 FRANCIS OK2006205 Pontotoc 244 168 178 183 188 193 203 GEARY OK2000608 Blaine 158 1,278 1,398 1,518 1,638 1,758 1,900 GOLDSBY WATER AUTH TRUST OK2004707 McClain 107 1,764 2,061 2,332 2,603 2,887 3,183 GOLTRY OK2000203 Alfalfa 105 268 268 268 268 268 278 GREENFIELD PWA OK3000606 Blaine 78 92 99 106 113 120 134 GUTHRIE OK1020903 Logan 232 10,307 11,591 12,729 13,877 14,997 16,190 HARRAH OK2005506 Oklahoma 73 4,831 5,062 5,275 5,429 5,545 5,660 HEASTON RW CORP OK3000901 Canadian 204 568 624 666 704 738 773 HELENA OK2000210 Alfalfa 125 437 437 437 437 447 447 HENNESSEY OK2003704 Kingfisher 100 2,126 2,380 2,624 2,878 3,123 3,405 HITCHCOCK DEV OK2000610 Blaine 125 208 222 250 264 292 306 HOLDENVILLE OK1020803 Hughes 110 4,962 5,529 6,096 6,692 7,363 8,024 HUGHES CO RWD #4 OK3003203 Hughes 72 828 924 1,019 1,119 1,230 1,340 JONES OK2005507 Oklahoma 88 1,693 1,775 1,851 1,908 1,946 1,984 KENDRICK MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY OK3004109 Lincoln 163 359 383 407 431 455 503 KINGFISHER OK2003702 Kingfisher 168 4,707 5,265 5,813 6,370 6,918 7,535 KINGFISHER CO RWD #3 OK2003722 Kingfisher 209 138 154 171 187 204 221 KINGFISHER CO RWD #4 OK3003704 Kingfisher 72 67 75 83 91 99 107 KONAWA PWA OK2006704 Seminole 74 1,481 1,520 1,570 1,609 1,659 1,708 LAHOMA PWA OK2002417 Garfield 87 583 603 613 622 632 652 LEXINGTON OK2001409 Cleveland 175 2,059 2,209 2,334 2,431 2,502 2,573 LINCOLN CO RW & SEWER DIST 4 OK2004105 Lincoln 109 2,577 2,808 3,000 3,201 3,408 3,631 LINCOLN CO RWD #1 OK1020703 Lincoln 80 410 447 477 509 542 578 LINCOLN CO RWD #2 OK3004102 Lincoln 216 410 447 477 509 542 578 LINCOLN CO RWD #3 OK3004107 Lincoln 50 589 642 686 732 779 830 LOGAN CO RWD #1 OK2004207 Logan 152 4,726 5,305 5,820 6,344 6,855 7,404 LOGAN CO RWD #2 OK2004206 Logan 133 1,190 1,336 1,466 1,598 1,726 1,865 LONGDALE OK2000611 Blaine 153 255 270 301 324 347 378 LOYAL OK2003701 Kingfisher 114 94 105 115 126 136 147Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 25 Provider SDWIS ID1 County Retail Per Capita (GPD)2 Population Served 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 LUTHER OK2005503 Oklahoma 126 637 666 696 715 735 745 MAJOR COUNTY RWD #1 OK2004407 Major 145 937 950 950 963 976 989 MAUD OK2006302 Pottawatomie 83 1,162 1,248 1,320 1,391 1,463 1,535 MCLOUD OK2006301 Pottawatomie 96 2,561 2,736 2,898 3,054 3,209 3,371 MEEKER PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK3004108 Lincoln 66 1,044 1,132 1,211 1,290 1,378 1,467 MENO OK2004401 Major 95 201 201 201 201 212 212 MERIDIAN OK2004254 Logan 65 54 63 72 81 81 90 MIDWEST CITY OK1020806 Oklahoma 78 56,099 58,823 61,236 63,062 64,390 65,699 MINCO OK2002610 Grady 63 1,706 1,830 1,935 2,030 2,126 2,221 MOORE OK2001412 Cleveland 116 51,602 55,442 58,547 61,023 62,764 64,453 MUSTANG OK2000922 Canadian 92 17,850 19,586 20,943 22,117 23,205 24,306 NEWCASTLE OK2004704 McClain 228 6,388 7,459 8,451 9,442 10,474 11,515 NICHOLS HILLS OK2005501 Oklahoma 286 4,088 4,287 4,458 4,591 4,686 4,781 NOBLE OK2001411 Cleveland 129 5,663 6,089 6,427 6,698 6,892 7,076 NORMAN5 OK1020801 Cleveland 136 112,208 128,404 140,985 146,950 151,130 155,216 NORTH BLAINE WATER OK2000606 Blaine 450 883 961 1,043 1,127 1,212 1,301 OKARCHE OK2003703 Kingfisher 146 1,146 1,289 1,420 1,552 1,695 1,838 OKARCHE RWD OK2003715 Kingfisher 120 557 627 691 755 825 894 OKEENE OK2000612 Blaine 240 1,263 1,380 1,497 1,613 1,739 1,866 OKEMAH UTILITIES AUTHORITY OK1020706 Okfuskee 136 6,086 6,245 6,384 6,543 6,682 6,901 OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 1 (BOLEY) OK2005402 Okfuskee 43 412 423 434 445 456 471 OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 2 OK3005402 Okfuskee 180 2,209 2,265 2,321 2,377 2,433 2,508 OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 3 OK3005401 Okfuskee 79 1,817 1,864 1,910 1,956 2,002 2,063 OKLAHOMA CITY OK1020902 Oklahoma 166 564,969 595,620 622,117 642,572 657,876 673,025 OKMULGEE CO RWD #7 (NUYAKA) OK3005608 Okmulgee 202 1,000 1,073 1,138 1,204 1,273 1,342 PADEN OK2005401 Okfuskee 78 625 639 653 667 681 708 PIEDMONT OK2000909 Canadian 100 6,399 7,031 7,505 7,932 8,311 8,706 PONTOTOC CO RWD # 1 (HOMER) OK3006205 Pontotoc 211 446 463 479 495 510 525 PONTOTOC CO RWD # 8 OK2006215 Pontotoc 76 3,521 3,657 3,783 3,908 4,024 4,141 POTTAWATOMIE CO RWD #2 (TRI COUNTY) OK2006362 Pottawatomie 76 3,570 3,815 4,045 4,264 4,479 4,703 POTTAWATOMIE CO DEV AUTHORITY OK3006303 Pottawatomie 108 1,224 1,308 1,387 1,462 1,536 1,613 Public Water Providers/Retail Population Served (3 of 4) Central Region26 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Provider SDWIS ID1 County Retail Per Capita (GPD)2 Population Served 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 POTTAWATOMIE COUNTY RWD #3 OK1020807 Pottawatomie 130 571 610 647 682 717 753 PRAGUE OK2004101 Lincoln 120 2,201 2,402 2,564 2,735 2,916 3,107 PURCELL OK2004701 McClain 82 8,456 9,863 11,181 12,486 13,855 15,236 RINGWOOD OK2004405 Major 133 500 500 500 512 512 524 ROCK CREEK OK2004205 Logan 196 145 163 179 195 211 228 SASAKWA PWA OK2006705 Seminole 168 150 160 160 160 170 170 SASAKWA RWD OK2006708 Seminole 170 288 307 307 307 326 326 SEMINOLE CO RW & SWMD #3 OK3006703 Seminole 109 339 350 360 369 380 391 SHAWNEE OK1020504 Pottawatomie 117 30,589 32,695 34,661 36,537 38,373 40,299 SLICK OK3001921 Creek 113 154 163 173 183 192 202 SPENCER OK2005509 Oklahoma 152 3,152 3,303 3,437 3,540 3,612 3,691 ST LOUIS RWD OK2006304 Pottawatomie 73 206 224 234 243 262 271 STRATFORD OK2002503 Garvin 145 1,478 1,518 1,537 1,567 1,597 1,627 STROUD PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK1020705 Lincoln 131 2,826 3,082 3,291 3,509 3,737 3,983 TECUMSEH UTILITY AUTHORITY OK1020506 Pottawatomie 99 6,218 6,648 7,049 7,431 7,804 8,196 TUTTLE OK2002608 Grady 91 5,062 5,425 5,745 6,020 6,306 6,592 UNION CITY OK3000909 Canadian 55 774 845 906 956 1,002 1,053 WANETTE OK3006310 Pottawatomie 62 408 436 465 493 512 540 WASHINGTON OK2004703 McClain 95 546 635 723 811 899 987 WATONGA OK2000602 Blaine 195 4,788 5,208 5,667 6,127 6,576 7,074 WELLSTON OK1020724 Lincoln 92 842 918 984 1,050 1,116 1,192 WETUMKA OK1020508 Hughes 237 1,501 1,669 1,846 2,024 2,229 2,434 YUKON OK2000910 Canadian 145 21,713 23,833 25,478 26,910 28,222 29,561 1 SDWIS - Safe Drinking Water Information System 2 RED ENTRY indicates data were taken from 2007 OWRB Water Rights Database. GPD=gallons per day 3 Retail per capita and 2010 population taken from Bristow Water System and Supply Study, 2008 4 Population estimates taken from Edmond 50-Year Water Supply Plan, 2009 5 Population estimates for 2010-2030 taken from 2025 Norman Land Use Plan Public Water Providers/Retail Population Served (4 of 4) Central RegionOklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 27 Provider SDWIS ID1 County Demand (AFY) 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 ADA OK2006201 Pontotoc 6,900 7,164 7,411 7,658 7,887 8,113 ALINE OK2000206 Alfalfa 56 56 56 56 56 59 AMES OK2004403 Major 22 22 22 22 24 24 ASHER UTIL DEV AUTH OK3006311 Pottawatomie 58 61 65 69 72 75 BETHANY OK2005519 Oklahoma 2,507 2,628 2,736 2,817 2,876 2,936 BLANCHARD OK3004710 McClain 1,376 1,605 1,817 2,030 2,251 2,476 BOWLEGS/LIMA WATER OK2006701 Seminole 300 308 316 324 332 340 BRISTOW MUN AUTH OK2001910 Creek 804 860 903 945 985 1,030 BROOKSVILLE OK2006363 Pottawatomie 9 9 10 11 11 12 CALUMET OK2000904 Canadian 107 118 127 135 142 148 CALVIN OK2003201 Hughes 35 38 43 47 52 56 CANADIAN CO RWD # 1 OK2000908 Canadian 82 90 96 101 106 111 CANADIAN CO RWD # 4 OK2000930 Canadian 153 168 179 189 198 208 CANADIAN CO WATER AUTHORITY OK3000903 Canadian 148 163 174 183 192 201 CANTON OK2000607 Blaine 74 81 88 95 102 110 CARMEN OK2000207 Alfalfa 48 48 48 48 49 49 CARNEY OK2004104 Lincoln 60 65 70 74 79 84 CASHION OK3003703 Kingfisher 83 92 102 112 122 133 CENTRAL OKLAHOMA MCD (Wholesaler only) None Cleveland 0 0 0 0 0 0 CHANDLER OK1020702 Lincoln 1,222 1,334 1,426 1,521 1,621 1,724 CHOCTAW OK2005510 Oklahoma 446 468 487 501 512 523 CIMARRON CITY OK2004253 Logan 22 24 26 27 31 33 CLEO SPRINGS OK2004402 Major 56 56 56 56 58 58 COLE OK3004708 McClain 90 104 119 133 148 162 CRESCENT OK2004204 Logan 206 231 254 276 299 323 DACOMA PWA OK3007607 Woods 13 13 13 13 13 14 DAVENPORT UTILITY AUTH OK3004104 Lincoln 72 79 85 90 96 102 DEER CREEK RURAL WATER CORP OK2005504 Oklahoma 964 1,011 1,052 1,084 1,106 1,129 DEL CITY OK1020805 Oklahoma 2,516 2,638 2,746 2,827 2,887 2,946 DEPEW OK2001903 Creek 47 50 53 55 57 60 DIBBLE OK3004709 McClain 32 38 42 47 53 57 DOVER PUBLIC WORKS TRUST AUTH OK2003705 Kingfisher 42 48 53 58 64 69 DRUMMOND OK3002401 Garfield 29 30 31 31 32 33 EDMOND PWA OK1020723 Oklahoma 9,653 11,504 13,376 15,269 17,183 19,119 EL RENO OK2000902 Canadian 4,162 4,566 4,883 5,156 5,408 5,665 FAIRVIEW OK2004404 Major 237 240 240 244 246 250 FRANCIS OK2006205 Pontotoc 46 49 50 51 53 55 Public Water Provider Demand Forecast (1 of 4) Central Region Projections of Retail Water Demands Each public water supply system has a “retail” demand, defined as the amount of water used by residential and non-residential customers within that provider’s service area. Public-supplied residential demands include water provided to households for domestic uses both inside and outside the home. Non-residential demands include customer uses at office buildings, shopping centers, industrial parks, schools, churches, hotels, and related locations served by a public water supply system. Retail demands do not include wholesale water to other providers. Municipal and Industrial (M&I) demand is driven by projected population growth and specific customer characteristics. Demand forecasts for each public system are estimated from average water use (in gallons per capita per day) multiplied by projected population. Oklahoma Department of Commerce 2002 population projections (unpublished special tabulation for the OWRB) were calibrated to 2007 Census estimates and used to establish population growth rates for cities, towns, and rural areas through 2060. Population growth rates were applied to 2007 population-served values for each provider to project future years’ service area (retail) populations. The main source of data for per capita water use for each provider was the 2008 OCWP Provider Survey conducted by the OWRB in cooperation with the Oklahoma Rural Water Association and Oklahoma Municipal League. For each responding provider, data from the survey included population served, annual average daily demand, total water produced, wholesale purchases and sales between providers, and estimated system losses. For missing or incomplete data, the weighted average per capita demand was used for the provider’s county. In some cases, provider survey data were supplemented with data from the OWRB water rights database. Per capita supplier demands can vary over time due to precipitation and service area characteristics, such as commercial and industrial activity, tourism, or conservation measures. For the baseline demand projections described here, the per capita demand was held constant through each of the future planning year scenarios. OCWP estimates of potential reductions in demand from conservation measures are analyzed on a basin and regional level, but not for individual provider systems.28 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Provider SDWIS ID1 County Demand (AFY) 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 GEARY OK2000608 Blaine 226 248 269 290 312 337 GOLDSBY WATER AUTH TRUST OK2004707 McClain 211 247 279 312 346 381 GOLTRY OK2000203 Alfalfa 32 32 32 32 32 33 GREENFIELD PWA OK3000606 Blaine 8 9 9 10 11 12 GUTHRIE OK1020903 Logan 2,676 3,009 3,304 3,602 3,893 4,202 HARRAH OK2005506 Oklahoma 395 414 432 444 454 463 HEASTON RW CORP OK3000901 Canadian 130 142 152 161 169 177 HELENA OK2000210 Alfalfa 61 61 61 61 63 63 HENNESSEY OK2003704 Kingfisher 238 267 294 322 350 381 HITCHCOCK DEV OK2000610 Blaine 29 31 35 37 41 43 HOLDENVILLE OK1020803 Hughes 611 681 751 825 907 989 HUGHES CO RWD #4 OK3003203 Hughes 67 75 82 91 100 108 JONES OK2005507 Oklahoma 166 174 182 187 191 195 KENDRICK MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY OK3004109 Lincoln 66 70 74 79 83 92 KINGFISHER OK2003702 Kingfisher 884 989 1,092 1,197 1,300 1,416 KINGFISHER CO RWD #3 OK2003722 Kingfisher 32 36 40 44 48 52 KINGFISHER CO RWD #4 OK3003704 Kingfisher 5 6 7 7 8 9 KONAWA PWA OK2006704 Seminole 123 126 130 134 138 142 LAHOMA PWA OK2002417 Garfield 57 59 59 60 61 63 LEXINGTON OK2001409 Cleveland 404 433 457 477 490 504 LINCOLN CO RW & SEWER DIST 4 OK2004105 Lincoln 313 341 365 389 414 442 LINCOLN CO RWD #1 OK1020703 Lincoln 37 40 43 46 49 52 LINCOLN CO RWD #2 OK3004102 Lincoln 99 108 115 123 131 140 LINCOLN CO RWD #3 OK3004107 Lincoln 33 36 39 41 44 47 LOGAN CO RWD #1 OK2004207 Logan 803 901 989 1,078 1,164 1,258 LOGAN CO RWD #2 OK2004206 Logan 177 199 218 237 257 277 LONGDALE OK2000611 Blaine 44 46 52 56 60 65 LOYAL OK2003701 Kingfisher 12 13 15 16 17 19 LUTHER OK2005503 Oklahoma 90 94 98 101 104 105 MAJOR COUNTY RWD #1 OK2004407 Major 152 154 154 156 159 161 MAUD OK2006302 Pottawatomie 108 116 123 129 136 143 MCLOUD OK2006301 Pottawatomie 274 293 310 327 343 361 MEEKER PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK3004108 Lincoln 77 83 89 95 101 108 MENO OK2004401 Major 21 21 21 21 22 22 MERIDIAN OK2004254 Logan 4 5 5 6 6 7 MIDWEST CITY OK1020806 Oklahoma 4,898 5,136 5,347 5,507 5,623 5,737 Public Water Provider Demand Forecast (2 of 4) Central RegionOklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 29 Provider SDWIS ID1 County Demand (AFY) 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 MINCO OK2002610 Grady 120 129 136 143 150 156 MOORE OK2001412 Cleveland 6,689 7,187 7,590 7,911 8,136 8,355 MUSTANG OK2000922 Canadian 1,838 2,016 2,156 2,277 2,389 2,502 NEWCASTLE OK2004704 McClain 1,633 1,907 2,161 2,414 2,678 2,944 NICHOLS HILLS OK2005501 Oklahoma 1,310 1,374 1,428 1,471 1,501 1,532 NOBLE OK2001411 Cleveland 815 877 925 964 992 1,019 NORMAN OK1020801 Cleveland 17,139 19,613 21,535 22,446 23,085 23,709 NORTH BLAINE WATER OK2000606 Blaine 446 485 526 569 611 656 OKARCHE OK2003703 Kingfisher 187 211 232 254 277 300 OKARCHE RWD OK2003715 Kingfisher 75 85 93 102 111 121 OKEENE OK2000612 Blaine 340 371 403 434 468 502 OKEMAH UTILITIES AUTHORITY OK1020706 Okfuskee 924 948 969 993 1,015 1,048 OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 1 (BOLEY) OK2005402 Okfuskee 20 20 21 21 22 23 OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 2 OK3005402 Okfuskee 445 457 468 479 491 506 OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 3 OK3005401 Okfuskee 160 164 168 172 176 182 OKLAHOMA CITY OK1020902 Oklahoma 105,062 110,762 115,689 119,493 122,339 125,156 OKMULGEE CO RWD #7 (NUYAKA) OK3005608 Okmulgee 226 243 257 272 288 304 PADEN OK2005401 Okfuskee 55 56 57 58 60 62 PIEDMONT OK2000909 Canadian 714 785 838 886 928 972 PONTOTOC CO RWD # 1 (HOMER) OK3006205 Pontotoc 105 109 113 117 120 124 PONTOTOC CO RWD # 8 OK2006215 Pontotoc 301 312 323 334 343 353 POTTAWATOMIE CO RWD #2 (TRI COUNTY) OK2006362 Pottawatomie 304 325 344 363 381 400 POTTAWATOMIE CO DEV AUTHORITY OK3006303 Pottawatomie 149 159 168 177 186 196 POTTAWATOMIE COUNTY RWD #3 OK1020807 Pottawatomie 83 89 94 99 104 110 PRAGUE OK2004101 Lincoln 295 322 343 366 390 416 PURCELL OK2004701 McClain 776 905 1,026 1,146 1,271 1,398 RINGWOOD OK2004405 Major 75 75 75 76 76 78 ROCK CREEK OK2004205 Logan 32 36 39 43 46 50 SASAKWA PWA OK2006705 Seminole 28 30 30 30 32 32 SASAKWA RWD OK2006708 Seminole 55 58 58 58 62 62 SEMINOLE CO RW & SWMD #3 OK3006703 Seminole 41 43 44 45 46 48 SHAWNEE OK1020504 Pottawatomie 3,999 4,274 4,531 4,776 5,016 5,268 SLICK OK3001921 Creek 19 21 22 23 24 26 SPENCER OK2005509 Oklahoma 538 564 587 605 617 630 ST LOUIS RWD OK2006304 Pottawatomie 17 18 19 20 21 22 STRATFORD OK2002503 Garvin 241 247 250 255 260 265 Public Water Provider Demand Forecast (3 of 4) Central Region30 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Provider SDWIS ID1 County Demand (AFY) 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 STROUD PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK1020705 Lincoln 415 452 483 515 548 585 TECUMSEH UTILITY AUTHORITY OK1020506 Pottawatomie 687 734 779 821 862 905 TUTTLE OK2002608 Grady 517 554 586 614 643 673 UNION CITY OK3000909 Canadian 48 52 56 59 62 65 WANETTE OK3006310 Pottawatomie 28 30 32 34 36 38 WASHINGTON OK2004703 McClain 58 67 77 86 95 105 WATONGA OK2000602 Blaine 1,045 1,137 1,237 1,337 1,436 1,544 WELLSTON OK1020724 Lincoln 87 95 102 108 115 123 WETUMKA OK1020508 Hughes 399 443 490 537 592 646 YUKON OK2000910 Canadian 3,537 3,882 4,150 4,383 4,597 4,815 1 SDWIS - Safe Drinking Water Information System Public Water Provider Demand Forecast (4 of 4) Central Region The OWRB provider demand forecasts are not intended to supersede demand forecasts developed by individual water providers. However, the OCWP analyses sought to use a consistent methodology based on accepted data that are available on a statewide basis. When made available, provider-generated forecasts were also reviewed as part of this effort.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 31 Wholesale Water Transfers (1 of 3) Central Region Provider SDWIS ID1 Sales Purchases Sells to Emergency or Ongoing Treated or Raw or Both Purchases from Emergency or Ongoing Treated or Raw or Both ADA OK2006201 Pontotoc Co RWD # 7 Pontotoc Co RWD # 6 (FITTSTOWN) Pontotoc Co RWD # 9 Pontotoc Co RWD # 1 (HOMER) O O O O T R T T ASHER UTIL DEV AUTH OK3006311 Pottawatomie County RWD #3 O T BETHANY OK2005519 Oklahoma City O T BLANCHARD OK3004710 Dibble O T Oklahoma City O T BRISTOW MUN AUTH OK2001910 Slick O T CANADIAN CO WATER AUTHORITY OK3000903 Oklahoma City O T CASHION OK3003703 Logan Co RWD #2 O T CENTRAL OKLAHOMA MCD (Wholesaler only) None Del City Midwest City Norman O O O R R R CHANDLER OK1020702 Davenport Utility Auth Lincoln Co RW & Sewer Dist #4 Lincoln Co RWD #2 Lincoln Co RWD #3 O O B T T T DACOMA PWA OK3007607 Alva O T DAVENPORT UTILITY AUTH OK3004104 Chandler O B DEER CREEK RURAL WATER CORP OK2005504 Oklahoma City O T DEL CITY OK1020805 Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy O R DIBBLE OK3004709 Blanchard O T DRUMMOND OK3002401 Enid Garfield Co RWD # 5 O E T T EDMOND PWA - ARCADIA OK1020723 Oklahoma City E T EL RENO OK2000902 Heaston RW Corp Minco Union City O E O T T T Oklahoma City O T FAIRVIEW OK2004404 Major County RWD #1 O T GEARY OK2000608 Greenfield PWA O T GOLDSBY WATER AUTH TRUST OK2004707 Newcastle O T Wholesale Water Transfers Some providers sell water on a “wholesale” basis to other providers, effectively increasing the amount of water that the selling provider must deliver and reducing the amount that the purchasing provider diverts from surface and groundwater sources. Wholesale water transfers between public water providers are fairly common and can provide an economical way to meet demands. Wholesale quantities typically vary from year to year depending upon growth, precipitation, emergency conditions, and agreements between systems. Water transfers between providers can help alleviate costs associated with developing or maintaining infrastructure, such as a reservoir or pipeline; allow access to higher quality or more reliable sources; or provide additional supplies only when required, such as in cases of supply emergencies. Utilizing the 2008 OCWP Provider Survey and OWRB water rights data, the Wholesale Water Transfers table presents a summary of known wholesale arrangements for providers in the region. Transfers can consist of treated or raw water and can occur on a regular basis or only during emergencies. Providers commonly sell to and purchase from multiple water providers. 32 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Wholesale Water Transfers (2 of 3) Central Region Provider SDWIS ID1 Sales Purchases Sells to Emergency or Ongoing Treated or Raw or Both Purchases from Emergency or Ongoing Treated or Raw or Both GOLTRY OK2000203 Jet O GREENFIELD PWA OK3000606 Geary O T HEASTON RW CORP OK3000901 El Reno O T HITCHCOCK DEV OK2000610 North Blaine Water T North Blaine Water E T HUGHES CO RWD #4 OK3003203 Hughes Co RWD #6 O T KENDRICK MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY OK3004109 Stroud Public Works Authority O T KINGFISHER OK2003702 Kingfisher Co RWD #4 O T KINGFISHER CO RWD #4 OK3003704 Kingfisher O T LAHOMA PWA OK2002417 Enid E R LEXINGTON OK2001409 Purcell E T LINCOLN CO RW & SEWER DIST 4 OK2004105 Lone Chimney Water Association Chandler Cushing O O E T T T LINCOLN CO RWD #2 OK3004102 Chandler T LINCOLN CO RWD #3 OK3004107 Chandler T LOGAN CO RWD #2 OK2004206 Cashion O T LOYAL OK2003701 North Blaine Water E T MAJOR COUNTY RWD #1 OK2004407 Fairview O T MEEKER PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK3004108 Shawnee O T MIDWEST CITY OK1020806 Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy Oklahoma City O E R T MINCO OK2002610 El Reno Union City E E T T MOORE OK2001412 Oklahoma City O T MUSTANG OK2000922 Oklahoma City O T NEWCASTLE OK2004704 Tuttle Goldsby Water Auth Trust O O T T Oklahoma City O T NICHOLS HILLS OK2005501 Oklahoma City E T NORMAN OK1020801 Oklahoma City Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy E O T R NORTH BLAINE WATER OK2000606 Okeene Hitchcock Dev Loyal O O E T T T Hitchcock Dev T OKEENE OK2000612 North Blaine Water O TOklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 33 Provider SDWIS ID1 Sales Purchases Sells to Emergency or Ongoing Treated or Raw or Both Purchases from Emergency or Ongoing Treated or Raw or Both OKEMAH UTILITIES AUTHORITY OK1020706 Okfuskee Co RWD #2 Okfuskee Co RWD #3 O O T T OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 2 OK3005402 Seminole Co RW&SWMD #3 Hughes Co RWD # 1 O O T T Okemah Utilities Authority O T OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 3 OK3005401 Okemah Utilities Authority O T OKMULGEE CO RWD #7 (NUYAKA) OK3005608 Okmulgee Okmulgee Co RWD #6 O E T T OKLAHOMA CITY OK1020902 Moore Yukon Blanchard Newcastle Norman Edmond PWA - Arcadia Mustang Canadian Co Water Authority Bethany El Reno Midwest City Nichols Hills Deer Creek Rural Water Corp Piedmont O O O O E E O O O O E E O O T T T T T T T T T T T T T T PIEDMONT OK2000909 Oklahoma City O T PONTOTOC CO RWD # 1 (HOMER) OK3006205 Ada O T POTTAWATOMIE CO DEV AUTH OK3006303 Tecumseh Utility Authority E T Shawnee O T POTTAWATOMIE COUNTY RWD #3 OK1020807 Asher Util Dev Auth Wanette O O T Oklahoma City O R PURCELL OK2004701 Lexington E T SEMINOLE CO RW&SWMD #3 OK3006703 Okfuskee Co RWD # 2 O T SHAWNEE OK1020504 Pottawatomie Co Development Auth Meeker Public Works Authority O O T T SLICK OK3001921 Bristow Mun Auth O T STROUD PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK1020705 Kendrick Municipal Authority O T TECUMSEH UTILITY AUTHORITY OK1020506 Pottawatomie Co Development Auth E T TUTTLE OK2002608 Grady Co RWD #6 O T UNION CITY OK3000909 Minco E T El Reno O T WANETTE OK3006310 Pottawatomie County RWD #3 O WETUMKA OK1020508 Hughes County RWD #1 O T YUKON OK2000910 Oklahoma City O T 1 SDWIS - Safe Drinking Water Information System Wholesale Water Transfers (3 of 3) Central Region34 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Provider SDWIS ID1 County Permitted Quantity Source Permitted Surface Water Permitted Alluvial Groundwater Permitted Bedrock Groundwater (AFY) Percent ADA OK2006201 Pontotoc 17,941 48% 0% 52% ALINE OK2000206 Alfalfa --- --- --- --- AMES OK2004403 Major 42 0% 100% 0% ASHER UTIL DEV AUTH OK3006311 Pottawatomie 153 0% 0% 100% BETHANY OK2005519 Oklahoma 7,932 0% 100% 0% BLANCHARD OK3004710 McClain 1,650 --- --- 100% BOWLEGS/LIMA WATER OK2006701 Seminole 250 0% 0% 100% BRISTOW MUN AUTH OK2001910 Creek 1,406 0% 0% 100% BROOKSVILLE OK2006363 Pottawatomie 57 0% 5% 95% CALUMET OK2000904 Canadian 256 0% 100% 0% CALVIN OK2003201 Hughes 793 --- 100% --- CANADIAN CO RWD # 1 OK2000908 Canadian --- --- --- --- CANADIAN CO RWD # 4 OK2000930 Canadian --- --- --- --- CANADIAN CO WATER AUTHORITY OK3000903 Canadian --- --- --- --- CANTON OK2000607 Blaine 157 0% 0% 100% CARMEN OK2000207 Alfalfa 402 0% 100% 0% CARNEY OK2004104 Lincoln 59 0% 0% 100% CASHION OK3003703 Kingfisher 63 0% 0% 100% CENTRAL OKLAHOMA MCD (Wholesaler Only) None Cleveland 21,600 100% 0% 0% CHANDLER OK1020702 Lincoln 5,062 99% 0% 1% CHOCTAW OK2005510 Oklahoma 3,401 0% 64% 36% CIMARRON CITY OK2004253 Logan 28 0% 100% 0% CLEO SPRINGS OK2004402 Major 286 0% 100% 0% COLE OK3004708 McClain --- --- --- --- CRESCENT OK2004204 Logan 575 0% 100% 0% DACOMA PWA OK3007607 Woods --- --- --- --- DAVENPORT UTILITY AUTH OK3004104 Lincoln 183 100% 0% 0% DEER CREEK RURAL WATER CORP OK2005504 Oklahoma 2,543 0% 0% 100% DEL CITY OK1020805 Oklahoma 22,688 0% 1% 99% DEPEW OK2001903 Creek 440 0% 0% 100% DIBBLE OK3004709 McClain 18 0% 0% 100% DOVER PUBLIC WORKS TRUST AUTH OK2003705 Kingfisher 361 0% 100% 0% Public Water Provider Water Rights and Withdrawals - 2010 (1 of 4) Central Region Provider Water Rights Public water providers using surface water or groundwater obtain water rights from the OWRB. Water providers purchasing water from other suppliers or sources are not required to obtain water rights as long as the furnishing entity has the appropriate water right or other source of authority. Each public water provider’s current water right(s) and source of supply have been summarized in this report. The percentage of each provider’s total 2007 water rights from surface water, alluvial groundwater, and bedrock groundwater supplies was also calculated, indicating the relative proportions of sources available to each provider. A comparison of existing water rights to projected demands can show when additional water rights or other sources and in what amounts might be needed. Forecasts of conditions for the year 2060 indicate where additional water rights may be needed to satisfy demands by that time. However, in most cases, wholesale water transfers to other providers must also be addressed by the selling provider’s water rights. Thus, the amount of water rights required will exceed the retail demand for a selling provider and will be less than the retail demand for a purchasing provider. In preparing to meet long-term needs, public water providers should consider strategic factors appropriate to their sources of water. For example, public water providers who use surface water can seek and obtain a “schedule of use” as part of their stream water right, which addresses projected growth and consequent increases in stream water use. Such schedules of use can be employed to address increases that are anticipated to occur over many years or even decades, as an alternative to the usual requirement to use the full authorized amount of stream water in a seven-year period. On the other hand, public water providers that utilize groundwater should consider the prospect that it may be necessary to purchase or lease additional land in order to increase their groundwater rights.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 35 Provider SDWIS ID1 County Permitted Quantity Source Permitted Surface Water Permitted Alluvial Groundwater Permitted Bedrock Groundwater (AFY) Percent DRUMMOND OK3002401 Garfield --- --- --- --- EDMOND PWA - ARCADIA OK1020723 Oklahoma 44,450 28% 0% 72% EL RENO OK2000902 Canadian 3,890 0% 100% 0% FAIRVIEW OK2004404 Major 2,559 0% 0% 0% FRANCIS OK2006205 Pontotoc 78 0% 10% 90% GEARY OK2000608 Blaine 745 0% 100% 0% GOLDSBY WATER AUTH TRUST OK2004707 McClain 1,676 0% 100% 0% GOLTRY OK2000203 Alfalfa 129 0% 0% 100% GREENFIELD PWA OK3000606 Blaine 17 0% 100% 0% GUTHRIE OK1020903 Logan 6,681 75% 0% 24% HARRAH OK2005506 Oklahoma 1,861 0% 8% 92% HEASTON RW CORP OK3000901 Canadian --- --- --- --- HELENA OK2000210 Alfalfa 748 0% 0% 100% HENNESSEY OK2003704 Kingfisher 464 0% 100% 0% HITCHCOCK DEV OK2000610 Blaine 12 0% 100% 0% HOLDENVILLE OK1020803 Hughes 4,650 100% 0% 0% HUGHES CO RWD #4 OK3003203 Hughes --- --- --- --- JONES OK2005507 Oklahoma 422 0% 0% 100% KENDRICK MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY OK3004109 Lincoln --- --- --- --- KINGFISHER OK2003702 Kingfisher 3,492 0% 100% 0% KINGFISHER CO RWD #3 OK2003722 Kingfisher 296 --- 100% --- KINGFISHER CO RWD #4 OK3003704 Kingfisher --- --- --- --- KONAWA PWA OK2006704 Seminole 302 0% 74% 26% LAHOMA PWA OK2002417 Garfield 370 0% 14% 86% LEXINGTON OK2001409 Cleveland 734 0% 100% 0% LINCOLN CO RW & SEWER DIST 4 OK2004105 Lincoln 352 0% 0% 100% LINCOLN CO RWD #1 OK1020703 Lincoln 36 100% 0% 0% LINCOLN CO RWD #2 OK3004102 Lincoln --- --- --- --- LINCOLN CO RWD #3 OK3004107 Lincoln --- --- --- --- LOGAN CO RWD #1 OK2004207 Logan 2,059 0% 0% 100% LOGAN CO RWD #2 OK2004206 Logan 464 0% 100% 0% LONGDALE OK2000611 Blaine 61 0% 100% 0% Public Water Provider Water Rights and Withdrawals - 2010 (2 of 4) Central Region36 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Provider SDWIS ID1 County Permitted Quantity Source Permitted Surface Water Permitted Alluvial Groundwater Permitted Bedrock Groundwater (AFY) Percent LOYAL OK2003701 Kingfisher --- --- --- --- LUTHER OK2005503 Oklahoma 210 0% 0% 100% MAJOR COUNTY RWD #1 OK2004407 Major 753 0% 100% 0% MAUD OK2006302 Pottawatomie 410 0% 0% 100% MCLOUD OK2006301 Pottawatomie 712 0% 100% 0% MEEKER PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK3004108 Lincoln 407 100% 0% 0% MENO OK2004401 Major 238 0% 100% 0% MERIDIAN OK2004254 Logan 170 --- --- 100% MIDWEST CITY OK1020806 Oklahoma 28,212 0% 0% 100% MINCO OK2002610 Grady 479 0% 100% 0% MOORE OK2001412 Cleveland 9,513 0% 0% 100% MUSTANG OK2000922 Canadian 3,809 0% 97% 3% NEWCASTLE OK2004704 McClain 1,649 0% 100% 0% NICHOLS HILLS OK2005501 Oklahoma 5,511 0% 0% 100% NOBLE OK2001411 Cleveland 1,644 0% 0% 100% NORMAN OK1020801 Cleveland 37,089 0% 8% 92% NORTH BLAINE WATER OK2000606 Blaine 518 0% 85% 15% OKARCHE OK2003703 Kingfisher 124 0% 100% 0% OKARCHE RWD OK2003715 Kingfisher --- --- --- --- OKEENE OK2000612 Blaine 745 0% 100% 0% OKEMAH UTILITIES AUTHORITY OK1020706 Okfuskee 1,779 100% 0% 0% OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 1 (BOLEY) OK2005402 Okfuskee 300 --- --- 100% OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 2 OK3005402 Okfuskee --- --- --- --- OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 3 OK3005401 Okfuskee --- --- --- --- OKLAHOMA CITY OK1020902 Oklahoma 214,065 99% 0% 1% OKMULGEE CO RWD #7 (NUYAKA) OK3005608 Okmulgee --- --- --- --- PADEN OK2005401 Okfuskee 960 --- --- 100% PIEDMONT OK2000909 Canadian --- --- --- --- PONTOTOC CO RWD # 1 (HOMER) OK3006205 Pontotoc --- --- --- --- PONTOTOC CO RWD # 8 OK2006215 Pontotoc --- --- --- --- POTTAWATOMIE CO RWD #2 (TRI COUNTY) OK2006362 Pottawatomie 101 0% 100% 0% POTTAWATOMIE CO DEV AUTHORITY OK3006303 Pottawatomie 5,000 100% 0% 0% Public Water Provider Water Rights and Withdrawals - 2010 (3 of 4) Central RegionOklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 37 Provider SDWIS ID1 County Permitted Quantity Source Permitted Surface Water Permitted Alluvial Groundwater Permitted Bedrock Groundwater (AFY) Percent POTTAWATOMIE COUNTY RWD #3 OK1020807 Pottawatomie --- --- --- --- PRAGUE OK2004101 Lincoln 1,672 0% 17% 83% PURCELL OK2004701 McClain 5,472 0% 19% 81% RINGWOOD OK2004405 Major 30 0% 100% 0% ROCK CREEK OK2004205 Logan --- --- --- --- SASAKWA PWA OK2006705 Seminole 453 0% 0% 100% SASAKWA RWD OK2006708 Seminole --- --- --- --- SEMINOLE CO RW & SWMD #3 OK3006703 Seminole --- --- --- --- SHAWNEE OK1020504 Pottawatomie 30,736 85% 0% 15% SLICK OK3001921 Creek 100 --- 100% --- SPENCER OK2005509 Oklahoma 2,274 0% 0% 100% ST LOUIS RWD OK2006304 Pottawatomie 213 0% 0% 100% STRATFORD OK2002503 Garvin 392 0% 100% 0% STROUD PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK1020705 Lincoln 1,322 83% 0% 17% TECUMSEH UTILITY AUTHORITY OK1020506 Pottawatomie 418 100% 0% 0% TUTTLE OK2002608 Grady 283 0% 14% 86% UNION CITY OK3000909 Canadian 74 0% 100% 0% WANETTE OK3006310 Pottawatomie --- --- --- --- WASHINGTON OK2004703 McClain 86 0% 100% 0% WATONGA OK2000602 Blaine 4,237 0% 100% 0% WELLSTON OK1020724 Lincoln 318 --- 25% 75% WETUMKA OK1020508 Hughes 750 100% 0% 0% YUKON OK2000910 Canadian 6,253 0% 79% 21% 1 SDWIS - Safe Drinking Water Information System Public Water Provider Water Rights and Withdrawals - 2010 (4 of 4) Central Region Provider Supply Plans In 2008, a survey was sent to 785 municipal and rural water providers throughout Oklahoma to collect vital background water supply and system information. Additional detail for each of these providers was solicited in 2010 as part of follow-up interviews conducted by the ODEQ. The 2010 interviews sought to confirm key details of the earlier survey and document additional details regarding each provider’s water supply infrastructure and plans. This included information on existing sources of supply (including surface water, groundwater, and other providers), short-term supply and infrastructure plans, and long-term supply and infrastructure plans. In instances where no new source was identified, maintenance of the current source of supply is expected into the future. Providers may or may not have secured the necessary funding to implement their stated plans concerning infrastructure needs, commonly including additional wells or raw water conveyance, storage, and replacement/upgrade of treatment and distribution systems. Additional support for individual water providers wishing to pursue enhanced planning efforts is documented in the Public Water Supply Planning Guide. This guide details how information contained in the OCWP Watershed Planning Region Reports and related planning documents can be used to formulate provider-level plans to meet present and future needs of individual water systems. 38 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan OCWP Water Provider Survey Central Region City of Ada (Pontotoc County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: Spring, Byrds Mill Spring Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: construction of reservoir. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Aline (Alfalfa County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Ames (Major County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: recondition existing water towers; drill additional well. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells; emergency connection to the City of Enid. Asher Util Dev Auth (Pottawatomie County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: Pottawatomie RWD 3 Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: upgrade distribution lines. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: replace distribution system lines. City of Bethany (Oklahoma County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater and Oklahoma City Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. City of Blanchard (McClain County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: Oklahoma City Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: paint water tower. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: add storage tanks; replace distribution system lines. Town of Bowlegs/Lima Water (Seminole County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: expand well system in Ada-Vamoosa aquifer. Long-Term Needs None identified. Bristow MA (Creek County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater. Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: (in progress) install additional lines and fire hydrants, construct new water tower, and secure water rights to drill additional wells to serve estimated 350 new rural residents; increase sizes of main lines for additional capacity and fire flow. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells; replace distribution system. Town of Brooksville (Pottawatomie County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: recondition storage tank. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Calumet (Canadian County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Town of Calvin (Hughes County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater. Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Long-Term Needs None identified. Canadian County RWD 1 Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Canadian County RWD 4 Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Emergency supply source: City of El Reno Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells; expand distribution lines. Canadian County Water Authority Current Source of Supply Primary source: City of Oklahoma City Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Canton (Blaine County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Carmen (Alfalfa County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Carney (Lincoln County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: water tower maintenance. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: expand distribution system. Town of Cashion (Kingfisher County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: Logan County RWD 2 Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Central Oklahoma MCD (Wholesale) Current Source of Supply Primary source: Lake Thunderbird Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: rehabilitation of several tanks. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: replace transmission line to Del City; new transmission facilities to import water. City of Chandler (Lincoln County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: Bell Cow Lake Emergency supply source: Chandler Lake Short-Term Needs New supply source: Chandler Lake Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: replace water line to Davenport. City of Choctaw (Oklahoma County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: build additional storage; replace outdated distribution lines; add new lines. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: replace 5 wells; replace distribution system; add storage. Cimarron City (Logan County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Cleo Springs (Major County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: City of Wynnewood Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill new well. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill new well. Town of Cole (McClain County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: City of Blanchard Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: add distribution system lines; add water tower. City of Crescent (Logan County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Dacoma PWA (Woods County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: City of Alva Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Davenport UA (Lincoln County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: City of Chandler Short-T
Object Description
Description
Title | OCWP Central watershed region |
OkDocs Class# | W1700.3 W331cw 2011 |
Digital Format | PDF, Adobe Reader required |
ODL electronic copy | Downloaded from agency website: http://www.owrb.ok.gov/supply/ocwp/pdf_ocwp/WaterPlanUpdate/regionalreports/OCWP_Central_Region_Report.pdf |
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Full text | Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Report on the Central Watershed Planning Region Oklahoma Water Resources BoardOklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Report on the Central Watershed Planning RegionStatewide OCWP Watershed Planning Region and Basin Delineation Contents Introduction 1 Regional Overview 1 Regional Summary . 2 Synopsis . 2 Water Resources & Limitations . 2 Water Supply Options 4 Water Supply 6 Physical Water Availability . 6 Surface Water Resources 6 Groundwater Resources . 9 Permit Availability 11 Water Quality 12 Water Demand . 20 Public Water Providers 22 OCWP Provider Survey 38 Water Supply Options . 44 Limitations Analysis . 44 Primary Options 44 Demand Management 44 Out-of Basin Supplies 44 Reservoir Use . 44 Increasing Reliance on Surface Water 45 Increasing Reliance on Groundwater 45 Additional Options . 45 Expanded Conservation Measures . 45 Artificial Aquifer Recharge . 45 Marginal Water Quality Sources 45 Potential Reservoir Development . 46 Basin Summaries and Data & Analysis 49 Basin 50 49 Basin 51 . 59 Basin 56 69 Basin 57 79 Basin 58 89 Basin 60 99 Basin 61 . 109 Basin 62 119 Basin 64 129 Glossary 138 Central Regional Report 1 Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Planavailability and potential shortages are documented in the OCWP Physical Water Supply Availability Report. Statewide water demand projection methods and results are presented in the Water Demand Forecast Report. Permitting availability was evaluated based on the OWRB’s administrative protocol and documented in the Water Supply Permit Availability Report. All supporting documentation can be found on the OWRB’s website.federal agency staff, industry representatives, and stakeholder groups for each demand sector. Surface water supply data for each of the 82 basins used 58 years of publicly-available daily streamflow gage data collected by the USGS. Groundwater resources were characterized using previously-developed assessments of groundwater aquifer storage and recharge rates. Additional information gained during the development of the 2012 Update is provided in various OCWP supplemental reports. Assessments of statewide physical water The Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan (OCWP) was originally developed in 1980 and last updated in 1995. With the specific objective of establishing a reliable supply of water for state users throughout at least the next 50 years, the current update represents the most ambitious and intensive water planning effort ever undertaken by the state. The 2012 OCWP Update is guided by two ultimate goals: Provide safe and dependable water supply 1. for all Oklahomans while improving the economy and protecting the environment. Provide information so that water 2. providers, policy makers, and water users can make informed decisions concerning the use and management of Oklahoma’s water resources. In accordance with the goals, the 2012 OCWP Update has been developed under an innovative parallel-path approach: inclusive and dynamic public participation to build sound water policy complemented by detailed technical evaluations. Also unique to this update are studies conducted according to specific geographic boundaries (watersheds) rather than political boundaries (counties). This new strategy involved subdividing the state into 82 surface water basins for water supply availability analysis (see the OCWP Physical Water Supply Availability Report). Existing watershed boundaries were revised to include a United States Geological Survey (USGS) stream gage at or near the basin outlet (downstream boundary), where practical. To facilitate consideration of regional supply challenges and potential solutions, basins were aggregated into 13 distinct Watershed Planning Regions. This Watershed Planning Region Report, one of 13 such documents prepared for the 2012 OCWP Update, presents elements of technical studies pertinent to the Central Region. Each regional report presents information from both a regional and multiple basin perspective, including water supply/demand analysis results, forecasted water supply shortages, potential supply solutions and alternatives, and supporting technical information. Integral to the development of these reports was the Oklahoma H2O model, a sophisticated database and geographic information system (GIS) based analysis tool created to compare projected water demand to physical supplies in each of the 82 OCWP basins statewide. Recognizing that water planning is not a static process but rather a dynamic one, this versatile tool can be updated over time as new supply and demand data become available, and can be used to evaluate a variety of “what-if” scenarios at the basin level, such as a change in supply sources, demand, new reservoirs, and various other policy management scenarios. Primary inputs to the model include demand projections for each decade through 2060, founded on widely-accepted methods and peer review of inputs and results by state and Introduction The primary factors in the determination of reliable future water supplies are physical supplies, water rights, water quality, and infrastructure. Gaps and depletions occur when demand exceeds supply, and can be attributed to physical supply, water rights, infrastructure, or water quality constraints. As a key foundation of OCWP technical work, a computer-based analysis tool, “Oklahoma H2O,” was created to compare projected demands with physical supplies for each basin to identify areas of potential water shortages. Regional Overview The Central Watershed Planning Region includes nine basins (for reference, numbered 50, 51, 56-58, 60-62, and 64). The region is located in the Central Lowland physiography province, encompassing 10,142 square miles in central Oklahoma, spanning from southern Woods County to Hughes and Pontotoc Counties in the southeastern portion of the region and including all or portions of Alfalfa, Woodward, Garfield, Major, Kingfisher, Logan, Blaine, Dewey, Creek, Lincoln, Okmulgee, Canadian, Oklahoma, Okfuskee, Caddo, Seminole, Pottawatomie, Grady, Cleveland, McClain, and Garvin Counties. The region displays many of the physical diversities of the state. The extremes range from the metropolitan areas of Oklahoma City in Oklahoma County to the more forested areas of the southeast, the open farmland in the central and western areas, and the sand hills in the western portion of the region. The region’s climate is moist and sub-humid with the mean annual temperature ranging from 59° F to 62° F. Annual average precipitation ranges from 26 inches in the northwest to 46 inches in the southeastern corner. Annual lake evaporation ranges from 50 to 62 inches and exceeds precipitation. Frequent droughts cause severe crop damage while severe flooding also occurs as the result of concentrated areas of heavy precipitation. Thunderstorms accompanied by high winds, hail, and heavy rain increase the likelihood of flash flooding, emphasizing the necessity of watershed protection and flood prevention projects. The largest cities in the region include Oklahoma City (2010 population of 501,450), Norman (109,865), Edmond (79,562), Midwest City (56,886), and Moore (52,621). The greatest demand is from Municipal and Industrial water use. By 2060, this region is projected to have a total demand of 442,890 acre-feet per year (AFY), an increase of approximately 107,250 AFY (32%) from 2010.2 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Planand their tributaries to provide public water supply, flood control, and recreation. There are two major federal reservoirs in the Central Region: Arcadia, built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Thunderbird, constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation. Large municipal water supply lakes in the region include Oklahoma City’s three area lakes—Overholser, Stanley Draper, and Hefner. There are 16 additional significant lakes in the region with normal storage ranging from 709 AF (El Reno Lake) to 23,000 AF (Lake Konawa). Surface water in Basins 50 and 51 is fully allocated, limiting diversions to existing permitted amounts. All other basins in the region are expected to have available surface water for new permits to meet local demand through 2060. Surface water quality in the region is variable and considered poor in several basins relative to other basins in the state. Multiple rivers, creeks, and reservoirs The Central Region accounts for 18% of the state’s total water demand. The largest demand sectors are Municipal and Industrial (58% of the region’s overall 2010 demand), Crop Irrigation (16%), and Thermoelectric Power (14%). Water Resources & Limitations Surface Water Surface water supplies, including reservoirs, are used to meet 56% of the Central Region’s demand. Surface water supply shortages are expected by 2020 in all basins in the region, except Basins 60 and 62. Shortages are expected to have a moderate to high probability of occurring. The region is supplied by five major rivers: the Canadian, Cimarron, Little, Deep Fork, and North Canadian. Large reservoirs have been built on these rivers Central Regional Summary in the region are impaired for Public and Private Water Supply use and Agricultural use due to high levels of oil and grease, chloride, total dissolved solids (TDS), and chlorophyll a. Alluvial Groundwater Alluvial groundwater is used to meet 23% of the demand in the region. The majority of currently permitted groundwater withdrawals in the region are from the Cimarron River, Canadian River, and North Canadian River alluvial aquifers. Each has more than 2.7 million AF of storage in the region. There are also substantial water rights in the Gerty Sand alluvial aquifer and multiple minor aquifers. If alluvial groundwater continues to supply a similar portion of demand in the future, storage depletions from these aquifers may occur throughout the year. The largest storage depletions are projected to occur in the summer. The availability of permits is not expected to constrain the use of alluvial groundwater supplies to meet local demand through 2060. Synopsis The Central Watershed Planning Region relies primarily on surface water supplies (including reservoirs), out-of-basin supplies, and to a lesser extent alluvial and bedrock groundwater. It is anticipated that water users in the region will continue to rely on these sources to meet future demand. By 2020, surface water supplies may be insufficient at times to meet demand in all basins in the region, except Basins 60 and 62. By 2020, alluvial and bedrock groundwater storage depletions may occur and eventually lead to higher pumping costs, the need for deeper wells, and potential changes to well yields or water quality. To reduce the risk of adverse impacts on water supplies, it is recommended that gaps and storage depletions be decreased where economically feasible. Additional conservation could reduce surface water gaps and groundwater storage depletions, eliminating bedrock groundwater depletions in Basin 50 and alluvial groundwater storage depletions in Basins 50 and 62. Aquifer storage and recovery in Basins 50 and 51 could be considered to store variable surface water supplies, increase groundwater storage, and reduce adverse effects of localized storage depletions. Surface water alternatives, such as groundwater sources, out-of-basin supplies, and/or developing new reservoirs, could mitigate gaps without major impacts to groundwater storage. Current and Projected Regional Water Demand Current Water Demand: 335,640 acre-feet/year (18% of state total) Largest Demand Sector: Municipal & Industrial (58% of regional total) Current Supply Sources: 56% SW 23% Alluvial GW 21% Bedrock GW Projected Demand (2060): 442,890 acre-feet/year Growth (2010-2060): 107,250 acre-feet/year (32%) Central Region Demand SummaryCentral Regional Report 3 Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Water Supply Limitations Central Region Bedrock Groundwater Bedrock groundwater is used to meet 21% of the demand in the region. The majority of currently permitted bedrock groundwater withdrawals in the region are from the Garber-Wellington aquifer. This aquifer has more than 55.6 million AF of storage in the Central Region. There are also substantial water rights in multiple major and minor aquifers. Recharge to major aquifers is expected to be sufficient to meet some of the region’s bedrock groundwater demand through 2060. Bedrock groundwater storage depletions may occur in Basins 50, 51, 57, and 64, typically by 2020. The availability of permits is not expected to constrain the use of bedrock groundwater supplies to meet local demand through 2060. However, an ongoing multi-year study of the Garber-Wellington may result in a change to the 2 AFY/acre share currently allowed under temporary permit. Water Supply Limitations Surface water limitations were based on physical availability, water supply availability for new permits, and water quality. Groundwater limitations were based on the total size and rate of storage depletions in major aquifers. Groundwater permits are not expected to constrain the use of groundwater through 2060, and insufficient statewide groundwater quality data are available to compare basins based on groundwater quality. Basins with the most significant water supply challenges statewide are indicated by a red box. The remaining basins with surface water gaps or groundwater storage depletions were considered to have potential limitations (yellow). Basins without gaps and storage depletions were considered to have minimal limitations (green). Detailed explanations of each basin’s supplies are provided in individual basin summaries and supporting data and analysis.4 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Water Supply Options To quantify physical surface water gaps and groundwater storage depletions through 2060, use of existing out-of-basin and local supplies was assumed to continue in current (2010) proportions. Surface water supplies, reservoirs, out-of-basin supplies, and bedrock groundwater supplies are expected to continue to supply the majority of demand in the Central Region. Surface water users may have physical surface water supply shortages (gaps) in the future, except in Basins 60 and 62. Alluvial groundwater storage depletions of major and minor aquifers are also projected in the future and may occur in most basins in the region by 2020. Bedrock groundwater storage depletions may occur in Basins 50, 51, 57, and 64. The development of additional alluvial and bedrock groundwater supplies could be an effective a long-term water supply option, except in portions of the North Canadian River alluvial aquifer. Water conservation could aid in reducing projected gaps and groundwater storage depletions or delaying the need for additional infrastructure. Moderately expanded conservation activities could reduce gaps and storage depletions throughout the region, and could eliminate bedrock groundwater storage depletions in Basin 50 and alluvial groundwater storage depletions in Basin 62. Future reductions could occur from substantially expanded conservation activities. These measures would require a shift from crops with high water demand (e.g., corn for grain and forage crops) to low water demand crops (e.g., sorghum for grain or wheat for grain) along with increased efficiency and increased public water supplier conservation. In basins with lower frequencies of shortages, temporary drought management measures may be an effective water supply option. New reservoirs and expanded use of existing reservoirs could enhance the dependability of surface water supplies and reduce gaps in some basins in the region. Several small municipal reservoirs may have unpermitted yield available for new users; however, these supplies are small compared to the demand in the region. Oklahoma City currently receives substantial supplies from the Blue-Boggy Watershed Planning Region via the Atoka pipeline. The City of Ada also receives out-of-basin supplies from Byrds Mill Spring and the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer in the Blue-Boggy Region. These out-of-basin supplies are expected to continue to provide water to the region in the future. The OCWP Reservoir Viability Study, which evaluated the potential for reservoirs throughout the state, identified 16 potentially viable sites in the Central Region. These water sources could serve as in-basin storage or out-of-basin supplies to provide additional supplies to reduce the region’s and surrounding regions’ surface water gaps and groundwater storage depletions. However, due to the distance of these potential reservoirs to demand points in each basin, this water supply option may not be cost-effective for many users. The projected growth in surface water use could instead be supplied in part by increased use of the Garber-Wellington aquifer, Canadian River aquifer, Cimarron River aquifer or the North Canadian River aquifer, which would result in small or minimal increases in projected groundwater storage depletions. However, these aquifers do not underlie the entire region and water quality may limit their use. Also, ongoing studies to determine the maximum annual yield and equal proportionate share for the Garber-Wellington aquifer may change the current amount (2 AFY/acre) of water allowed under temporary permits. Effectiveness of water supply options in each basin in the Central Region. This evaluation was based upon results of physical water supply availability analysis, existing infrastructure, and other basin-specific factors. Water Supply Option Effectiveness Central RegionCentral Regional Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Report 5 6 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Reservoirs Central Region Reservoir Name Primary Basin Number Reservoir Owner/ Operator Year Built Purpose1 Normal Pool Storage Water Supply Irrigation Water Quality Permitted Withdrawals Remaining Water Supply Yield to be Permitted Storage Yield Storage Yield Storage Yield AF AF AFY AF AFY AF AFY AFY AFY Arcadia 60 USACE 1986 FC, WS, R 29,544 23,090 12,320 --- --- --- --- 12,500 0 Bell Cow 60 City of Chandler 1990 FC, WS R 15,613 --- 4,558 --- --- --- --- 4,144 414 Chandler 60 City of Chandler 1954 WS, R 2,778 2,778 --- 0 0 0 0 882 No Known Yield El Reno 51 City of El Reno 1966 FC, R 709 --- --- 0 0 0 0 --- --- Guthrie 64 City of Guthrie 1919 WS, R 3,875 --- --- --- --- --- --- 771 --- Hefner2 64 City of Oklahoma City 1947 WS, R 68,868 75,000 --- 0 0 0 0 0 No Known Yield Holdenville 56 City of Holdenville 1931 WS, R 11,000 11,000 --- 0 0 0 0 3,150 No Known Yield Konawa 56 OG&E 1968 CW 23,000 --- --- 0 0 0 0 8,000 --- Liberty 64 City of Guthrie 1948 WS, R 2,740 --- --- 0 0 0 0 893 --- Meeker 60 City of Meeker 1970 WS, FC, R 1,976 --- 202 0 0 0 0 407 0 Okemah 60 City of Okemah N/A WS, R 10,392 10,392 2,200 --- --- --- --- 1,779 421 Overholser3 51 City of Oklahoma City 1919 WS, R 13,913 17,000 5,000 0 0 0 0 80,000 0 Prague City 60 City of Prague 1984 WS, FC, R 2,415 --- 549 0 0 0 0 549 0 Purcell 57 City of Purcell 1930 WS, R 2,600 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- Shawnee Twin Lakes 50 City of Shawnee 1935/1960 WS, R 34,000 34,000 4,400 --- --- --- --- 8,000 0 Stanley Draper4 62 City of Oklahoma City 1962 WS, R 87,296 100,000 --- 0 0 0 0 0 No Known Yield Stroud 60 City of Stroud 1968 WS, FC, R 8,800 --- 1,299 --- --- --- --- 1,100 199 Tecumseh 50 City of Tecumseh 1934 WS, R 1,118 --- --- 0 0 0 0 418 --- Thunderbird 62 Bureau of Rec./COMCD 1965 FC, WS, R, FW 105,644 105,900 21,7005 0 0 0 0 21,600 100 Wes Watkins 50 Pottawatomie Co. Dev. Auth. 1997 FC, WS, R 14,065 --- --- 0 0 0 0 5,000 --- Wetumka 50 City of Wetumka 1939 WS, R 1,839 --- --- --- --- --- --- 750 --- 1 The “Purposes” represent the use(s), as authorized by the funding entity or dam owner(s), for the reservoir storage when constructed. WS = Water Supply, FC = Flood Control, IR = Irrigation, HP = Hydroelectric Power, WQ = Water Quality, C = Conservation, R = Recreation, FW= Fish & Wildlife, CW = Cooling Water, N = Navigation, LF = Low Flow Regulation 2 Terminal storage for Oklahoma City; receives water from the North Canadian River. 3 Permitted withdrawals include allocations from the North Canadian watershed and Canton Lake. 4 Terminal storage for Oklahoma City; receives water from the Blue-Boggy Region via the Atoka pipeline. 5 Baseline yield is 15,600 AFY; the 21,700 AFY yield reflects conjunctive use of supplemental water from groundwater resources during periods of drought. No known information is annotated as “---”(70 miles long, tributary to the Little River). The Canadian River and its tributaries are located in Basins 56, 57, 58, 61, and 62. The river typically experiences high levels of chloride and total dissolved solids. The mainstem of the Cimarron River runs for 150 miles through Basin 64. Major tributaries include Turkey Creek (70 miles long) and Cottonwood Creek (60 miles long). Water quality is degraded by naturally occurring salt sources in the upper reaches near the Harper/Woods County line. Water Supply Physical Water Availability Surface Water Resources Surface water supply has historically been used to meet just over half of the demand in the Central Region. The region’s major rivers include the Canadian, Cimarron, Little, Deep Fork, and North Canadian. Many streams in this region experience a wide range of flows, including both periodic no-flow conditions and flooding events. The North Canadian River (320 miles long in the Central Region) flows from the Panhandle Region through Basins 50 and 51 in the Central Region. Total dissolved solids (TDS) and chloride levels are relatively high and Oklahoma City wastewater return flows constitute a large percentage of the North Canadian River’s total flow. The Deep Fork River originates in the Central Region and is 140 miles long in Basin 60. The river is generally of fair quality with moderate mineral content. However, the chloride content may reach high levels during certain periods of the year. The Canadian River (190 miles long in the Central Region) enters the Central Region from the West Central Region. Major tributaries in the region include Walnut Creek (25 miles long), the Little River (110 miles long), and Salt Creek As important sources of surface water in Oklahoma, reservoirs and lakes help provide dependable water supply storage, especially when streams and rivers experience periods of low seasonal flow or drought.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 7 In the Central Region, streamflow is generally intermittent. Existing reservoirs in the region increase the dependability of surface water supply for many public water systems and other users. Some reservoirs provide terminal storage for out-of-basin supplies. There are two major federal reservoirs in the region. Lake Arcadia in Basin 60 was completed in 1986 on the Deep Fork River by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for water supply, recreation, and fish and wildlife purposes. The lake provides 12,320 AFY of dependable yield, which is allocated to the City of Edmond. Lake Thunderbird in Basin 62 was built in 1965 on the Little River by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. Project purposes include flood control, water supply, recreation, and fish and wildlife. Most of Thunderbird’s water supply yield is allocated to the Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy District, which supplies municipal and industrial water to its member cities (Norman, Midwest City and Del City). There are five major municipal lakes in the Central Region. Three were constructed by the City of Oklahoma City, one by the City of Shawnee, and the fifth by the NRCS and is operated by the Pottawatomie County Development Authority. Lake Stanley Draper, in Basin 62, was constructed in 1962 by Oklahoma City and is located on East Elm Creek. The impoundment is used primary as terminal storage for water conveyed from Atoka Lake and McGee Creek in the Blue-Boggy Watershed Planning Region via the 90 mgd Atoka Pipeline. While Lake Stanley Draper has little dependable yield of its own, it can provide a dependable yield of about 86,000 AFY comprised of deliveries from Atoka and McGee Creek minus losses. Oklahoma City’s other two lakes in the Central Region, Lake Overholser in Basin 51 and Lake Hefner in Basin 64, are operated to utilize the City’s water right allocations from Canton Lake in the Panhandle Watershed Planning Region and the North Canadian River. Lake Overholser was built in 1919 on the North Canadian River for the purposes of water supply and recreation. The lake has a dependable yield of 5,000 AFY, which is supplemented by releases from Canton Lake via the North Canadian River. Lake Hefner was constructed on Bluff Creek in 1943 by Oklahoma City for the purposes of offstream water supply storage and recreation. The lake serves as terminal storage for diversions from the North Canadian River and releases from Canton Lake via a canal that diverts water from the river near Lake Overholser. The system provides a dependable yield of 80,000 AFY to Oklahoma City and is fully allocated. Shawnee Twin Lakes were constructed by the City of Shawnee on South Deer Creek in Basin 50. These two lakes, one constructed in 1935 and one in 1960, are connected by a canal and have a combined yield of 4,400 AFY that is fully allocated to the City of Shawnee. Wes Watkins Reservoir, also in Basin 50, was constructed in 1997 by the NRCS for the purposes of flood control, water supply and recreation. The lake is operated by the Pottawatomie County Development Authority. Some of the other significant lakes in the region include: Lake Wetumka and Tecumseh Lake in Basin 50; El Reno Lake in Basin 51; Konawa and Holdenville Lakes in Basin 56; Purcell Lake in Basin 57; Bell Cow, Meeker, Prague City, Stroud, Chandler, and Okemah Lakes in Basin 60; and Guthrie and Liberty Lakes in Basin 64. There are many other small Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), municipal and privately owned lakes in the region that provide water for public water supply, agricultural water supply, watershed protection, flood control and recreation. Surface Water Resources Central Region Major reservoirs in the Central Region include Arcadia, Thunderbird, Overholser, Hefner, Shawnee Twin Lakes, Wes Watkins, and Stanley Draper. These lakes may serve multiple purposes, such as water supply, irrigation, recreation, hydropower generation, and flood control. Reservoirs designed for multiple purposes typically possess a specific volume of water storage assigned for each purpose. 8 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Estimated Annual Streamflow in 2060 Central Region Streamflow Statistic Basins 50 51 56 57 58 60 62 61 64 AFY Average Annual Flow 541,500 123,000 1,082,900 55,700 420,200 631,000 127,900 239,500 796,400 Minimum Annual Flow 55,800 0 87,200 0 62,900 36,100 0 3,200 86,100 Annual streamflow in 2060 was estimated using historical gaged flow and projections of increased surface water use from 2010 to 2060. Surface Water Flows (1950-2007) Central Region Surface water sources supply about half of the demand in the Central Region. Surface water gaps can occur due to seasonal, long-term hydrologic (drought), or localized variability in surface water flows. Several large reservoirs have been constructed to reduce the impacts of drier periods on surface water users. Water Supply Availability Analysis For OCWP physical water supply availability analysis, water supplies were divided into three categories: surface water, alluvial aquifers, and bedrock aquifers. Physically available surface water refers to water currently in streams, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. The range of historical surface water availability, including droughts, is well-represented in the Oklahoma H2O tool by 58 years of monthly streamflow data (1950 to 2007) recorded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Therefore, measured streamflow, which reflects current natural and human created conditions (runoff, diversions and use of water, and impoundments and reservoirs), is used to represent the physical water that may be available to meet projected demand. The estimated average and minimum annual streamflow in 2060 were determined based on historic surface water flow measurements and projected baseline 2060 demand (see Water Demand section). The amount of streamflow in 2060 may vary from basin-level values, due to local variations in demands and local availability of supply sources. The estimated surface water supplies include changes in historical streamflow due to increased upstream demand, return flows, and increases in out-of-basin supplies from existing infrastructure. Permitting, water quality, infrastructure, non-consumptive demand, and potential climate change implications are considered in separate OCWP analyses. Past reservoir operations are reflected and accounted for in the measured historical streamflow downstream of a reservoir. For this analysis, streamflow was adjusted to reflect interstate compact provisions in accordance with existing administrative protocol. The amount of water a reservoir can provide from storage is referred to as its yield. The yield is considered the maximum amount of water a reservoir can dependably supply during critical drought periods. OCWP physical availability analyses considered the unused yield of existing reservoirs. Future potential reservoir storage was considered as a water supply option. Groundwater supplies are quantified by the amount of water that the aquifer holds (“stored” water) and the rate of aquifer recharge. In Oklahoma, recharge to aquifers is generally from precipitation that falls on the aquifer and percolates to the water table. In some cases, where the altitude of the water table is below the altitude of the stream-water surface, surface water can seep into the aquifer. For this analysis, alluvial aquifers are defined as aquifers comprised of river alluvium and terrace deposits, occurring along rivers and streams and consisting of unconsolidated deposits of sand, silt, and clay. Alluvial aquifers are generally thinner (less than 200 feet thick) than bedrock aquifers, feature shallow water tables, and are exposed at the land surface, where precipitation can readily percolate to the water table. Alluvial aquifers are considered to be more hydrologically connected with streams than are bedrock aquifers and are therefore treated separately. Bedrock aquifers consist of consolidated (solid) or partially consolidated rocks, such as sandstone, limestone, dolomite, and gypsum. Most bedrock aquifers in Oklahoma are exposed at land surface, either entirely or in part. Recharge from precipitation is limited in areas where bedrock aquifers are not exposed. For both alluvial and bedrock aquifers, this analysis was used to predict potential groundwater depletions based on the difference between the groundwater demand and recharge rate. While potential storage depletions do not affect the permit availability of water, it is important to understand the extent of these depletions.Central Regional Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Report 9 downward to sandy clay, sand, and fine gravel, Maximum thickness reaches 80 feet with well yields ranging between 100 and 200 gpm in the alluvium and 100 and 500 gpm in the terrace deposits. The terrace deposits are overlain by sand dunes. The water is very hard and is classified as calcium magnesium bicarbonate type. Extensive pumping can make this formation susceptible to salt water intrusion. The Canadian River alluvial aquifer underlies portions of Basins 51, 56, 57, 58, 61, and 62. The formation consists of clay and silt downgrading to fine- to coarse-grained sand with lenses of basal gravel. Formation thicknesses range from 20 to 40 feet in the alluvium with a maximum of 50 feet in the terrace deposits. Yields in the alluvium range between 100 and 400 gpm and between 50 and 100 gpm in the terrace. Although the water is a very hard calcium bicarbonate type with TDS concentrations of approximately 1,000 mg/L, it is generally suitable for most municipal and industrial uses. The North Canadian River alluvial aquifer underlies portions of Basins 50, 51, and 64.The formation consists of fine- to coarse-grained sand with minor clay and silt and local lenses of basal gravel overlain by dune sand. Formation thickness averages 30 feet in the alluvium with a maximum of 300 feet in the terrace deposits. Yields range between 300 and 600 gpm in the alluvium and 100 to 300 gpm in the terrace formations. The water is a very hard calcium bicarbonate type with TDS concentrations of up to 1,000 mg/L. The Cimarron River alluvial aquifer underlies a portion of Basin 64. The formation tends to consist of silt and clay deposits changing Groundwater Resources Three major bedrock aquifers underlie the Central Watershed Planning Region: Rush Springs, Garber-Wellington, and Vamoosa-Ada. Five major alluvial aquifers underlie the region: Canadian River, Cimarron River, Enid Isolated Terrace, Gerty Sand, and North Canadian River. The Garber-Wellington aquifer underlies portions of Basins 50, 51, 56, 58, 60, 61, 62, and 64. The formation consists of fine-grained sandstone interbedded with siltstone and shale. Depth to water varies from less than 100 feet to 250 feet; saturated thickness ranges from 150 to 650 feet. Wells generally yield from 200 to 400 gpm. Water quality is generally good, but in some areas, concentrations of nitrate, arsenic, chromium, and selenium may exceed drinking water standards. The Vamoosa-Ada aquifer underlies portions of Basins 50, 56, 60, 61, and 62. The formation consists of 125 to 1,000 feet of interbedded sandstone, shale, and conglomerate. Wells commonly yield 25 to 150 gpm. Water quality is generally good and suitable for use as public supply, although iron infiltration and hardness are problems in some areas and there are local problems due to contamination resulting from past oil and gas activities. The Rush Springs aquifer underlies a portion of Basin 58. The formation consists of a fine-grained sandstone aquifer with some shale, dolomite, and gypsum. Thickness of the aquifer ranges from 200 to 300 feet. Wells commonly yield 25 to 400 gpm. The water tends to be very hard, requiring water softening to address aesthetic issues for public water supply use. In some areas nitrate and sulfate concentrations exceed drinking water standards, limiting its use for drinking water. Withdrawing groundwater in quantities exceeding the amount of recharge to the aquifer may result in reduced aquifer storage. Therefore, both storage and recharge were considered in determining groundwater availability. Areas without delineated aquifers may have groundwater present. However, specific quantities, yields, and water quality in these areas are currently unknown. Groundwater Resources Central Region Aquifer Portion of Region Overlaying Aquifer Recharge Rate Current Groundwater Rights Aquifer Storage in Region Equal Proportionate Share Groundwater Available for New Permits Name Type Class1 Percent Inch/Yr AFY AF AFY/Acre AFY Canadian River Alluvial Major 9% 2.0 71,500 2,706,000 temporary 2.0 1,117,400 Cimarron River Alluvial Major 11% 2.3 152,500 3,425,000 temporary 2.0 1,257,200 East-Central Oklahoma Bedrock Minor 7% 2.8 4,100 6,771,000 temporary 2.0 864,900 El Reno Bedrock Minor 35% 0.75 31,300 11,649,000 temporary 2.0 4,457,200 Enid Isolated Terrace Alluvial Major <1% 2.3 1,300 33,000 0.5 2,600 Fairview Isolated Terrace Alluvial Minor <1% 0.75 700 78,000 temporary 2.0 50,800 Garber-Wellington Bedrock Major 27% 1.6 212,900 55,618,000 temporary 2.0 3,096,200 Gerty Sand Alluvial Major 1% 1.0 12,100 161,000 0.65 34,000 Isabella Isolated Terrace Alluvial Minor <1% 0.75 700 26,000 temporary 2.0 11,800 Loyal Isolated Terrace Alluvial Minor <1% 0.75 1,000 63,000 temporary 2.0 24,500 North Canadian River Alluvial Major 6% 1.0-5.0 79,800 3,295,000 0.8-1.3 312,200 North-Central Oklahoma Bedrock Minor 1% 1.0 1,200 688,000 temporary 2.0 176,600 Rush Springs Bedrock Major 1% 1.8 5,500 942,000 temporary 2.0 92,200 Vamoosa-Ada Bedrock Major 9% 1.4 6,800 8,015,000 2.0 1,203,400 Non-Delineated Groundwater Source Alluvial Minor 4,400 Non-Delineated Groundwater Source Bedrock Minor 7,600 1 Bedrock aquifers with typical yields greater than 50 gpm and alluvial aquifers with typical yields greater than 150 gpm are considered major. Permits to withdraw groundwater from aquifers (groundwater basins) where the maximum annual yield has not been set are “temporary” permits that allocate 2 AFY/acre. The temporary permit allocation is not based on storage, discharge or recharge amounts, but on a legislative (statute) estimate of maximum needs of most landowners to ensure sufficient availability of groundwater in advance of completed and approved aquifer studies. As a result, the estimated amount of Groundwater Available for New Permits may exceed the estimated aquifer storage amount. For aquifers (groundwater basins) where the maximum annual yield has been determined (with initial storage volumes estimated), updated estimates of amounts in storage were calculated based on actual reported use of groundwater instead of simulated usage from all lands.10 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Groundwater Resources Central Region The Gerty Sand alluvial aquifer underlies a portion of Basin 56. The formation consists of gravel, sand, silt, clay, and volcanic ash. The saturated thickness varies from 5 to 75 feet, averaging 28 feet. Depth to water ranges from 10 to 110 feet. Typical well yields vary from 100 to 450 gpm with some wells yielding as much as 850 gpm. Water quality is fair to good and moderately hard with TDS values usually less than 1,000 mg/L. The Enid Isolated Terrace alluvial aquifer underlies a small portion of Basin 64. The formation is composed of terrace deposits that consist of discontinuous layers of clay, sandy clay, sand, and gravel. Minor bedrock aquifers in the region include the East-Central Oklahoma, El Reno, and North-Central Oklahoma aquifers. Minor alluvial aquifers include the Fairview Isolated Terrace, Isabella Isolated Terrace, and Loyal Isolated Terrace. Minor aquifers may have a significant amount of water in storage and high recharge rates, but generally low yields of less than 50 gpm per well. Groundwater from minor aquifers is an important source for domestic and stock water use for individuals in outlying areas not served by rural water systems, but yields might be insufficient for high volume users.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 11 Surface Water Permit Availability Central Region There is no surface water available for new permits in Basins 50 and 51, but projections indicate that there will be surface water available for new permits through 2060 in all other basins in the Central Region. Projections indicate that the use of groundwater to meet in-basin demand is not expected to be limited by the availability of permits through 2060 in the Central Region. Groundwater Permit Availability Central Region Permit Availability For the OCWP water availability analysis, “permit availability” pertains to the amount of water that could be made available for withdrawals under permits issued in accordance with Oklahoma water law. Projections indicate that there will be no surface water available for new permits in Basins 50 and 51, but surface water will be available for new permits through 2060 in all other basins in the Central Region. For groundwater, equal proportionate shares in the Central Region range from 0.5 acre-feet per year (AFY) per acre to 2 AFY per acre. If water authorized by a stream water right is not put to beneficial use within the specified time, the OWRB may reduce or cancel the unused amount and return the water to the public domain for appropriation to others. Water Use Permitting in Oklahoma Oklahoma stream water laws are based on riparian and prior appropriation doctrines. Riparian rights to a reasonable use of water, in addition to domestic use, are not subject to permitting or oversight by the OWRB. An appropriative right to stream water is based on the prior appropriation doctrine, which is often described as “first in time, first in right.” If a water shortage occurs, the diverter with the older appropriative water right will have first right among other appropriative right holders to divert the available water up to the authorized amount. The permit availability of surface water is based on the average annual flow in the basin, the amount of water that flows past the proposed diversion point, and existing water uses upstream and downstream in the basin. The permit availability of surface water at the outlet of each basin in the region was estimated through OCWP technical analyses. The current allocated use for each basin is also noted to give an indication of the portion of the average annual streamflow used by existing water right holders. A site-specific analysis is conducted before issuing a permit. Groundwater permit availability is generally based on the amount of land owned or leased that overlies a specific aquifer (groundwater basin). State law provides for the OWRB to conduct hydrologic investigations of groundwater basins and to determine amounts of water that may be withdrawn. After a hydrologic investigation has been conducted on a groundwater basin, the OWRB determines the maximum annual yield of the basin. Based on the “equal proportionate share”—defined as the portion of the maximum annual yield of water from a groundwater basin that is allocated to each acre of land overlying the basin—regular permits are issued to holders of existing temporary permits and to new permit applicants. Equal proportionate shares have yet to be determined on many aquifers in the state. For those aquifers, “temporary” permits are granted to users allocating two acre-feet of water per acre of land per year. When the equal proportionate share and maximum annual yield are approved by the OWRB, all temporary permits overlying the studied basin are converted to regular permits at the new approved allocation rate. As with stream water, a groundwater permit grants only the right to withdraw water; it does not ensure yield.12 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Water Quality Water quality of the Central Watershed Planning Region is defined by numerous minor and major water supply reservoirs and the middle Cimarron and lower Canadian River watersheds. The area is co-dominated by two ecoregions, the Central Great Plains (CGP) to the west and the Cross Timbers (CT) to the east. Several additional ecoregions intersect the periphery of the planning region, but their impact is minimal and they will not be addressed in this discussion. The western half of the planning region is characterized by the Prairie Tablelands and several other intervening CGP ecoregions, the Pleistocene Sand Dunes/Sandsage Grassland, and Gypsum Hills. The Cimarron and North Canadian Rivers drain the area from northwest to southeast, and the Canadian River intersects the area in the south. The Prairie Tablelands are nearly level, underlain by shale, sandstone, and siltstone. They are dominated by cropland with dense mixed grass prairies. Streams are typically turbid and silt-dominated with some sand, lying in broad, shallow, low gradient channels with highly incised banks. The tributaries of the major rivers best exemplify water quality in the tablelands. These include Buggy Creek along the Canadian, and from west to east on the Cimarron, Eagle Chief, Turkey, Kingfisher, and Cottonwood Creeks. Salinity is high throughout the watersheds. Mean conductivities range from 1,029 μS/cm on Cottonwood Creek to near 2,300 μS/cm on Kingfisher Creek, while Buggy Creek is 1,100 μS/cm. Nutrient concentrations are also high. Mean concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) range from 0.18 and 2.05 ppm on Kingfisher Creek to 0.98 and 4.08 ppm on Cottonwood Creek. Buggy Creek is similar with mean TP and TN of 0.38 and 2.0 ppm. Water clarity is poor to very poor, with mean turbidity ranging from 65 NTU on Eagle Chief Creek to 184 NTU on Cottonwood Creek; Buggy Creek is 160 NTU. Ecological diversity is average and highly impacted by siltation/sedimentation, habitat degradation, and channelization. Conversely, the Pleistocene Sand Dunes have more permeable sandy soils interlaced with springs and inter-dune wetlands. Streams have incised, highly erodible banks but are typically sandy. The northern and eastern banks of the major river systems are influenced heavily by the features and are typically sandier than many of their tributaries. The Cimarron and North Canadian best exemplify the area, as well as El Reno Lake in the North Canadian watershed. Salinity on the Cimarron is very high and steadily decreases from west to east. Near Waynoka, mean conductivity is nearly 29,000 μS/cm, but at Guthrie, it decreases to 8,730 μS/cm. Salinity on the North Canadian (including El Reno Lake) and Canadian is much lower with mean conductivities of 1,350-1,400 μS/cm. Nutrient concentrations increase steadily along the Cimarron. Near Waynoka, the river is mesotrophic, with low TP and TN mean concentrations of 0.05 and 0.69 ppm. The river gradually becomes eutrophic to hyper-eutrophic; at Guthrie, TP and TN increase to 0.36 and 1.95 ppm. The North Canadian and Canadian are also hyper-eutrophic, with TP ranging from 0.20-0.22 ppm and TN from 0.99-1.24 ppm. El Reno Lake is hyper-eutrophic and nitrogen-limited. Water clarity is excellent to average on the Cimarron with mean turbidity values of 6 Lake Trophic Status A lake’s trophic state, essentially a measure of its biological productivity, is a major determinant of water quality. Oligotrophic: Low primary productivity and/or low nutrient levels. Mesotrophic: Moderate primary productivity with moderate nutrient levels. Eutrophic: High primary productivity and nutrient rich. Hypereutrophic: Excessive primary productivity and excessive nutrients. The Central Planning Region is a transitional area between the Central Great Plains and Cross Timbers. Water quality is highly influenced by both geology and land use practices, and is generally poor to good depending on drainage and location. Ecoregions Central Region Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 13 NTU near Waynoka and 33 NTU near Guthrie. The North Canadian has good clarity (18 NTU) while the Canadian is average (40 NTU). El Reno Lake has poor clarity. Ecological diversity is good in the Canadian watersheds but can be impacted by habitat degradation, channelization, and sedimentation. Conversely, diversity in the Cimarron is low and is naturally impacted by higher than normal salinity and also by flow modification and sedimentation. The Gypsum Hills are characterized by breaks, escarpments, gorges, ledges, caves, and canyons. Geological features were formed by the differential erosion of underlying gypsum, shale, dolomite, fine sand, and rock salt. The features create flora and fauna that are unique within the CGP. The area is covered by mixed grass prairie and intermittent tree groves. Streams are typically bedrock/gravel/cobble, with habitat that is typically more diverse than surrounding areas. Griever Creek has relatively high salinity (mean conductivity = 2,870 μS/cm), and poor water clarity (58 NTU). However, nutrient concentrations are low with mean TP of 0.11 and TN of 0.70 ppm. The Northern Cross Timbers extends from roughly the center of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area south to Purcell and east through the remainder of the region. The Northern Timbers is densely forested and covered by a variety of flora including oak savanna, scrub oak forest, eastern red cedar, and intervening grasslands. Land use is mixed with rangeland, cropland, urban, and intense oil/natural gas production, which has led to higher than normal salinity in some watersheds. Streams are typically contained in shallow, sandy channels and are normally moderately to heavily incised. However, deep pools, riffles, and rocky substrates exist in various parts of the area. Ecological diversity is mixed and can be affected by habitat degradation, flow modification, channelization, and sedimentation/ siltation. The area is best exemplified by the lower North Canadian and Canadian River watersheds, including the Deep Fork of the Water Quality Standards Implementation Central Region BUMP monitoring sites and streams with TMDL studies completed or underway. The Oklahoma Conservation Commission has begun a watershed implementation project on Lake Thunderbird to address non-point source runoff through low-impact development. The Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality has completed TMDL studies on North Canadian River, Turkey Creek, and Little Turkey Creek. Several other TMDL studies are underway or scheduled. Water Quality Standards and Implementation The Oklahoma Water Quality Standards (OWQS) are the cornerstone of the state’s water quality management programs. They are a set of rules promulgated under the federal Clean Water Act and state statutes to maintain and protect the quality of state waters. The OWQS designate beneficial uses for streams, lakes and other bodies of surface water, and for groundwater that has a mean concentration of Total Dissolved Solids of 10,000 milligrams per liter or less. Beneficial uses are the activities for which a waterbody can be used based on physical, chemical, and biological characteristics as well as geographic setting, scenic quality, and economic considerations. Beneficial uses include such categories as Fish and Wildlife Propagation, Public and Private Water Supply, Primary (or Secondary) Body Contact Recreation, Agriculture, and Aesthetics. The OWQS also contain standards for maintaining and protecting these uses. The purpose of the OWQS is to promote and protect as many beneficial uses as are attainable and to assure that degradation of existing quality of waters of the state does not occur. The OWQS are applicable to all activities which may affect the water quality of waters of the state, and are to be utilized by all state environmental agencies in implementing their programs to protect water quality. Some examples of these implementation programs are: permits for point source (e.g. municipal and industrial) discharges into waters of the state; authorizations for waste disposal from concentrated animal feeding operations; regulation of runoff from nonpoint sources; and corrective actions to clean up polluted waters. 14 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan North Canadian and the Little River, as well as numerous municipal and regional water supply lakes including Arcadia, Bell Cow, Chandler, Holdenville, Konawa, Meeker, Okemah, Prague City, Shawnee Twins, Stanley Draper, Stroud, Thunderbird, Tecumseh, Wes Watkins, and Wetumka. Stream salinity, although still considered high, decreases notably from the upper portions of the watersheds. The Canadian watershed is higher with a mean conductivity of 975-1,070 μS/cm on the mainstem and 1,210 on the Little River. The North Canadian is lower, with conductivity ranging from 720-850 μS/cm on the mainstem and 675-815 μS/cm on the Deep Fork. Reservoir salinity is typically low to moderate with some reservoirs ranging from 75-275 μS/cm while others have values as high as 350-450 μS/cm (Bell Cow and Thunderbird). Lake Konawa is high, with an approximate mean of 1,100 μS/cm. Stream nutrient concentrations are relatively high throughout the area and decrease at downstream sites as the watershed moves away from the Oklahoma City metropolitan area. The TP means are 0.31-0.36 ppm (Canadian), 0.68-0.94 ppm (North Canadian), and 0.19-0.34 ppm (Deep Fork). The TN means are 1.47-1.81 ppm (Canadian), 2.72-4.24 ppm (North Canadian), and 1.04-2.19 ppm (Deep Fork). The TP and TN means for Little River are relatively low at 0.16 and 0.83 ppm. While the Deep Fork and Little River remain oligotrophic, all other waters are hyper-eutrophic. All lakes are phosphorus limited and are mesotrophic or eutrophic (Arcadia, Bell Cow, Chandler, Konawa, Thunderbird, and Wes Watkins). Stream water clarity is nearly always poor to very poor and decreases downstream. Turbidity means are 52 NTU (Little River) 49-53 NTU (Canadian), 70-124 NTU (North Canadian), and 38-80 NTU (Deep Fork). Reservoir clarity is diverse and is categorized as poor (Meeker Secchi depth = 10 cm), average (Thunderbird = 53 cm), good (Prague City = 74 cm), and excellent (Stroud = 126 cm). Dividing the Prairie Tablelands and Northern Cross Timbers is the Cross Timbers Transition. The transition is a hybrid mix of rough plains covered by prairie grasses and oak/elm and cedar forests, with cropland and rangeland as land uses. Water Quality Impairments A waterbody is considered to be impaired when its quality does not meet the standards prescribed for its beneficial uses. For example, impairment of the Public and Private Water Supply beneficial use means the use of the waterbody as a drinking water supply is hindered. Impairment of the Agricultural use means the use of the waterbody for livestock watering, irrigation or other agricultural uses is hindered. Impairments can exist for other uses such as Fish and Wildlife Propagation or Recreation. The Beneficial Use Monitoring Program (BUMP), established in 1998 to document and quantify impairments of assigned beneficial uses of the state’s lakes and streams, provides information for supporting and updating the OWQS and prioritizing pollution control programs. A set of rules known as “use support assessment protocols” is also used to determine whether beneficial uses of waterbodies are being supported. In an individual waterbody, after impairments have been identified, a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) study is conducted to establish the sources of impairments—whether from point sources (discharges) or non-point sources (runoff). The study will then determine the amount of reduction necessary to meet the applicable water quality standards in that waterbody and allocate loads among the various contributors of pollution. For more detailed review of the state’s water quality conditions, see the most recent versions of the OWRB’s BUMP Report, and the Oklahoma Integrated Water Quality Assessment Report, a comprehensive assessment of water quality in Oklahoma’s streams and lakes required by the federal Clean Water Act and developed by the ODEQ. Water Quality Impairments Central Region Regional water quality impairments based on the 2008 Integrated Water Quality Assessment Report. Many surface waters in this region are impacted by urbanization, including increased nutrients and sediment as well as stream habitat alterations due to increases in impervious surfaces. Water from the Garber-Wellington (Central Oklahoma) aquifer is typically suited for public water supply but, in some areas, concentrations of nitrate, arsenic, chromium, and selenium exceed drinking water standards. Elevated concentrations of nitrate can occur in shallow water, which can be a concern for domestic well users. Elevated concentrations of arsenic, chromium, and selenium occur in deep parts of the aquifer, mostly affecting public water supply wells. The highest concentrations of arsenic tend to occur in the western portion of the aquifer where it is overlain by younger rocks.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 15 In the central region, the major land use is urban, as much of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area overlays the ecoregion. Streams are typically rockier and less muddy than other streams in the region. Ecological diversity is higher than areas to the west but lower than regions to the east and is affected by habitat degradation, channelization, flow modifications, and sedimentation/siltation. The North Canadian and Canadian pass through the area and several major and minor water supply lakes exist there, including Guthrie, Liberty, Hefner, Overholser and Purcell. Stream salinity is high, ranging from 915 μS/cm (North Canadian) to 1,260 (Canadian). Lake salinity is moderate (Purcell = 400 μS/cm) to high (Hefner = 1,100 μS/cm). With the North Canadian having higher nutrient concentrations, rivers are hyper-eutrophic. The TP and TN mean concentrations range from 0.47-1.18 ppm and 2.70-4.31 ppm. All reservoirs are phosphorus limited, with the exception of Purcell Lake (eutrophic), and are hyper-eutrophic. Stream clarity is good on the North Canadian (34 NTU) but poor on the Canadian (80 NTU). Lake clarity is typically average (Liberty = 42 cm) to good (Hefner = 92 cm), but Overholser nears poor (32 cm). The Central region is underlain by several major and minor bedrock and alluvial aquifers. In most alluvial aquifers, water quality is good with variable dissolved solid contents. Except for hardness and localized nitrate problems, alluvial groundwater is appropriate for domestic, irrigation, industrial, and municipal use. Alluvial aquifers are highly vulnerable to contamination from surface activities due to their high porosities and permeabilities and shallow water tables. The Rush Springs aquifer borders the southern edge of the region. Although comparatively hard, most of the water derived from it is suitable for domestic, municipal, irrigation, and industrial use with total dissolved solids (TDS) values generally less than 500 ppm. However, sulfate and nitrate concentrations exceed drinking water standards in some areas. The Garber-Wellington runs through the central portion of the region and underlies much of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area. Water ranges from hard to very hard, and in general, concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate are low. Water from the aquifer is normally suitable for public water supply, but concentrations of nitrates, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, arsenic, chromium, and selenium may exceed drinking water standards in localized areas. The Vamoosa-Ada runs adjacent to the Garber-Wellington and underlies portions of Lincoln, Okfuskee, Seminole, and Pottawatomie Counties. Water quality is generally good, but iron infiltration and hardness are problems. Chloride and sulfate concentrations are generally low, and except for areas of local contamination resulting from past oil and gas activities, water is suitable for use as public supply. Surface Waters with Designated Beneficial Use for Public/Private Water Supply Central Region Surface Waters with Designated Beneficial Use for Agriculture Central Region16 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Special OWQS provisions in place to protect surface waters. Because Wes Watkins Reservoir and Lake Wetumka are public water supply reservoirs and have relatively small watersheds, they could potentially benefit from SWS designations. This designation could provide protection from new or increased loading from point sources in the watersheds. This additional protection would also provide limits for algae (chlorophyll a) that can cause taste and odor problems and increased treatment costs. Surface Water Protection Areas Central Region Surface Water Protection The Oklahoma Water Quality Standards (OWQS) provide protection for surface waters in many ways. Appendix B Areas are designated in the OWQS as containing waters of recreational and/or ecological significance. Discharges to waterbodies may be limited in these areas. Source Water Protection Areas are derived from the state’s Source Water Protection Program, which analyzes existing and potential threats to the quality of public drinking water in Oklahoma. The High Quality Waters designation in the OWQS refers to waters that exhibit water quality exceeding levels necessary to support the propagation of fishes, shellfishes, wildlife, and recreation in and on the water. This designation prohibits any new point source discharges or additional load or increased concentration of specified pollutants. The Sensitive Water Supplies (SWS) designation applies to public and private water supplies possessing conditions making them more susceptible to pollution events, thus requiring additional protection. This designation restricts point source discharges in the watershed and institutes a 10 μg/L (micrograms per liter) chlorophyll-a criterion to protect against taste and odor problems and reduce water treatment costs. Outstanding Resource Waters are those constituting outstanding resources or of exceptional recreational and/or ecological significance. This designation prohibits any new point source discharges or additional load or increased concentration of specified pollutants. Waters designated as Scenic Rivers in Appendix A of the OWQS are protected through restrictions on point source discharges in the watershed. A 0.037 mg/L total phosphorus criterion is applied to all Scenic Rivers in Oklahoma. Nutrient Limited Watersheds are those containing a waterbody with a designated beneficial use that is adversely affected by excess nutrients.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 17 Various types of protection are in place to prevent degradation of groundwater and levels of vulnerability. The Cimarron, North Canadian, and Canadian alluvial aquifers have been identified by the OWRB as highly vulnerable. Groundwater Protection Areas Central Region Groundwater Protection The Oklahoma Water Quality Standards (OWQS) sets the criteria for protection of groundwater quality as follows: “If the concentration found in the test sample exceeds [detection limit], or if other substances in the groundwater are found in concentrations greater than those found in background conditions, that groundwater shall be deemed to be polluted and corrective action may be required.” Wellhead Protection Areas are established by the Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality (ODEQ) to improve drinking water quality through the protection of groundwater supplies. The primary goal is to minimize the risk of pollution by limiting potential pollution-related activities on land around public water supplies. Oil and Gas Production Special Requirement Areas, enacted to protect groundwater and/or surface water, can consist of specially lined drilling mud pits (to prevent leaks and spills) or tanks whose contents are removed upon completion of drilling activities; well set-back distances from streams and lakes; restrictions on fluids and chemicals; or other related protective measures. Nutrient-Vulnerable Groundwater is a designation given to certain hydrogeologic basins that are designated by the OWRB as having high or very high vulnerability to contamination from surface sources of pollution. This designation can impact land application of manure for regulated agriculture facilities. Appendix H Limited Areas of Groundwater are localized areas where quality is unsuitable for default beneficial uses due to natural conditions or irreversible human-induced pollution. (Not shown on map.) NOTE: Although the State of Oklahoma has a mature and successful surface water quality monitoring program, no comprehensive approach or plan to monitor the quality of the state’s groundwater resources has been developed.18 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Water Quality Trends Study As part of the 2012 OCWP Update, OWRB monitoring staff compiled more than ten years of Beneficial Use Monitoring Program (BUMP) data and other resources to initiate an ongoing statewide comprehensive analysis of surface water quality trends. Five parameters were selected for OCWP watershed planning region analysis—chlorophyll-a, conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and turbidity. Reservoir Trends: Water quality trends for reservoirs were analyzed for chlorophyll-a, conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and turbidity at sixty-five (65) reservoirs across the state. Data sets were of various lengths, depending on the station’s period of record. The direction and magnitude of trends varies throughout the state and within regions. However, when considered statewide, the final trend analysis revealed several notable details. Chlorophyll-a and nutrient concentrations continue to increase at a number • of lakes. The proportions of lakes exhibiting a significant upward trend were 42% for chlorophyll-a, 45% for total nitrogen, and 12% for total phosphorus. Likewise, conductivity and turbidity have trended upward over time. Nearly • 28% of lakes show a significant upward trend in turbidity, while nearly 45% demonstrate a significant upward trend for conductivity. Stream Trends: Water quality trends for streams were analyzed for conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and turbidity at sixty (60) river stations across the state. Data sets were of various lengths, depending on the station’s period of record, but generally, data were divided into historical and recent datasets, and analyzed separately and as a whole. The direction and magnitude of trends varies throughout the state and within regions. However, when considered statewide, the final trend analysis revealed several notable details. Total nitrogen and phosphorus are very different when comparing period of • record to more recent data. When considering the entire period of record, approximately 80% of stations showed a downward trend in nutrients. However, if only the most recent data (approximately 10 years) are considered, the percentage of stations with a downward trend decreases to 13% for nitrogen and 30% for phosphorus. The drop is accounted for in stations with either significant upward trends or no detectable trend. Likewise, general turbidity trends have changed over time. Over the entire • period of record, approximately 60% of stations demonstrated a significant upward trend. However, more recently, that proportion has dropped to less than 10%. Similarly, general conductivity trends have changed over time, albeit less • dramatically. Over the entire period of record, approximately 45% of stations demonstrated a significant upward trend. However, more recently, that proportion has dropped to less than 30%. Typical Impact of Trends Study Parameters Chlorophyll-a is a measure of algae growth. When algae growth increases, there is an increased likelihood of taste and odor problems in drinking water as well as aesthetic issues. Conductivity is a measure of the ability of water to pass electrical current. In water, conductivity is affected by the presence of inorganic dissolved solids, such as chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and phosphate anions (ions that carry a negative charge) or sodium, magnesium, calcium, iron, and aluminum cations (ions that carry a positive charge). Conductivity in streams and rivers is heavily dependent upon regional geology and discharges. High specific conductance indicates high concentrations of dissolved solids, which can affect the suitability of water for domestic, industrial, agricultural and other uses. At higher conductivity levels, drinking water may have an unpleasant taste or odor or may even cause gastrointestinal distress. High concentration may also cause deterioration of plumbing fixtures and appliances. Relatively expensive water treatment processes, such as reverse osmosis, are required to remove excessive dissolved solids from water. Concerning agriculture, most crops cannot survive if the salinity of the water is too high. Total Nitrogen is a measure of all dissolved and suspended nitrogen in a water sample. It includes kjeldahl nitrogen (ammonia + organic), nitrate and nitrite nitrogen. It is naturally abundant in the environment and is a key element necessary for growth of plants and animals. Excess nitrogen from polluting sources can lead to significant water quality problems, including harmful algal blooms, hypoxia and declines in wildlife and its habitat. Phosphorus is one of the key elements necessary for growth of plants and animals. Excess nitrogen and phosphorus lead to significant water quality problems, including harmful algal blooms, hypoxia, and declines in wildlife and its habitat. Increases in total phosphorus can lead to excessive growth of algae, which can increase taste and odor problems in drinking water as well as increased costs for treatment. Turbidity refers to the clarity of water. The greater the amount of total suspended solids (TSS) in the water, the murkier it appears and the higher the measured turbidity. Increases in turbidity can increase treatment costs and have negative effects on aquatic communities by reducing light penetration.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 19 Lake Water Quality Trends Central Region Site Arcadia Chandler Guthrie Hefner Holdenville Meeker Okemah Overholser Shawnee Twin #1 Shawnee Twin #2 Stanley Draper Stroud Thunderbird Parameter (1989-2007) (1995-2008) (1994-2006) (1996-2006) (1994-2007) (1994-2009) (1994-2007) (1994-2006) (1995-2006) (1995-2008) (1994-2006) (1994-2006) (1995-2009) Chlorophyll-a (mg/m3) NT NT NT NT NT NT NT Conductivity (us/cm) NT NT NT Total Nitrogen (mg/L) NT NT NT NT Total Phosphorus (mg/L) NT NT NT NT NT NT Turbidity (NTU) NT NT NT NT NT NT Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend NT = No significant trend detectedTrend magnitude and statistical confidence levels vary for each site. Site-specific information can be obtained from the OWRB Water Quality Division. A notable concern in the Central Region is: Significant upward trend for chlorophyll-a, conductivity, turbidity and total nitrogen at numerous reservoirs• Stream Water Quality Trends Central Region Site Deep Fork of the North Canadian River near Beggs Little River near Sasakwa North Canadian River near El Reno North Canadian River near Shawnee North Canadian River near Wetumka Parameter All Data Trend (1946-1993, 1998-2009)1 Recent Trend (1998-2009) All Data Trend (1951-1993, 1998-2009)1 Recent Trend (1998-2009) All Data Trend (1950-1993, 1998-2009)1 Recent Trend (1998-2009) All Data Trend (1968-1996, 1997-2009)1 Recent Trend (1997-2009) All Data Trend (1951-1995, 1999-2009)1 Recent Trend (1999-2009) Conductivity (us/cm) NT NT NT NT NT Total Nitrogen (mg/L) NT Total Phosphorus (mg/L) NT NT Turbidity (NTU) NT NT NT NT NT Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend NT = No significant trend detectedTrend magnitude and statistical confidence levels vary for each site. Site-specific information can be obtained from the OWRB Water Quality Division. 1 Date ranges for analyzed data represent the earliest site visit date and may not be representative of all parameters. Notable concerns in the Central Region are: Significant upward trend for recent turbidity and nutrient data at various stations on the Canadian, Cimarron, Deep Fork, and North Canadian Rivers• Significant upward trends in conductivity on both the Canadian and Cimarron Rivers• 20 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Water Demand The Central Region accounts for about 18% of the total statewide water demand. Regional demand will increase by 32% (107,250 AFY) from 2010 to 2060. Municipal and Industrial use will continue to be the largest demand sector. By 2060, Municipal and Industrial (M&I) demand is projected to account for approximately 58% of the Central Region’s total demand. Currently, 62% of the region’s M&I demand is supplied by surface water, 12% by alluvial groundwater, and 26% by bedrock groundwater. Crop Irrigation demand is expected to account for 16% of the region’s total 2060 demand. Currently, 25% of the demand from this sector is supplied by surface water, 58% by alluvial groundwater, and 17% by bedrock groundwater. Predominant irrigated crops in the Central Region include pasture grasses, corn, and sod. Thermoelectric Power demand is projected to account for 14% of the total 2060 demand. There are a number of plants using water for thermoelectric power generation; the three largest are Oklahoma Gas and Electric Co’s Seminole plant and McClain Energy Facility and InterGen North America’s Redbud Power Plant. Currently, 89% of the demand from this sector is supplied by surface water, 10% by alluvial groundwater, and 1% by bedrock groundwater. Oil and Gas demand is projected to account for 5% of the total 2060 demand. Currently, 68% of the demand from this sector is supplied by surface water, 12% by alluvial groundwater, and 20% by bedrock groundwater. Livestock demand is projected to account for 3% of the total 2060 demand. Currently, 26% of the demand from this sector is supplied by surface water, 54% by alluvial groundwater, and 20% by bedrock groundwater. Livestock use in the region is predominantly cattle for cow-calf production, followed by horses, hogs, and dairy cows. Self-Supplied Residential demand is also projected to account for 3% of the total 2060 demand. Currently, 71% of the demand from this sector is supplied by alluvial groundwater and 31% by bedrock groundwater. Self-Supplied Industrial demand is projected to account for 1% of the total 2060 demand. Currently, 63% of the demand from this sector is supplied by surface water and 37% by bedrock groundwater. Total 2060 Water Demand by Sector and Basin (Percent of Total Basin Demand) Central Region Projected water demand by sector. Municipal and Industrial is expected to remain the largest demand sector in the region, accounting for 58% of the total regional demand in 2060. Population and demand projection data developed specifically for OCWP analyses focus on retail customers for whom the system provides direct service. These estimates were generated from Oklahoma Department of Commerce population projections. In addition, the 2008 OCWP Provider Survey contributed critical information on water production and population serviced that was used to calculate per capita water use. Population for 2010 was estimated and may not reflect actual 2010 Census values. Exceptions to this methodology are noted. Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 21 The Central Region’s water needs account for about 18% of the total statewide demand. Regional demand will increase by 32% (107,250 AFY) from 2010 to 2060. Municipal and Industrial use will continue to be the largest demand sector. Total Water Demand by Sector Central Region Planning Horizon Crop Irrigation Livestock Municipal & Industrial Oil & Gas Self-Supplied Industrial Self-Supplied Residential Thermoelectric Power Total AFY 2010 58,100 13,850 208,390 7,100 2,420 8,680 37,100 335,640 2020 60,700 14,020 222,260 12,450 2,420 9,370 41,390 362,620 2030 63,290 14,190 233,370 12,900 2,510 9,990 46,180 382,430 2040 65,890 14,360 242,520 14,680 2,690 10,580 51,520 402,240 2050 67,880 14,530 249,970 17,240 2,870 11,140 57,470 421,100 2060 71,080 14,700 257,500 20,700 3,060 11,730 64,120 442,890 Total Water Demand by Sector Central Region Supply Sources Used to Meet Current Demand (2010) Central Region Water Demand Water demand refers to the amount of water required to meet the needs of people, communities, industry, agriculture, and other users. Growth in water demand frequently corresponds to growth in population, agriculture, industry, or related economic activity. Demands have been projected from 2010 to 2060 in ten-year increments for seven distinct consumptive water demand sectors. Water Demand Sectors nThermoelectric Power: Thermoelectric power producing plants, using both self-supplied water and municipal-supplied water, are included in the thermoelectric power sector. Self-Supplied Residential: Households on private wells that are not connected to a public water supply system are included in the SSR sector. nSelf-Supplied Industrial: Demands from large industries that do not directly depend upon a public water supply system. Available water use data and employment counts were included in this sector. nOil and Gas: Oil and gas drilling and exploration activities, excluding water used at oil and gas refineries (typically categorized as Self-Supplied industrial use), are included in the oil and gas sector. nMunicipal and Industrial: These demands represent water that is provided by public water systems to homes, businesses, and industries throughout Oklahoma, excluding water supplied to thermoelectric power plants. nLivestock: Livestock demands were evaluated by livestock group (beef, poultry, etc.) based on the 2007 Agriculture Census. nCrop Irrigation: Water demands for crop irrigation were estimated using the 2007 Agriculture Census data for irrigated acres by crop type and county. Crop irrigation requirements were obtained primarily from the Natural Resource Conservation Service Irrigation Guide Reports. OCWP demands were not projected for non-consumptive or instream water uses, such as hydroelectric power generation, fish and wildlife, recreation and instream flow maintenance. Projections, which were augmented through user/stakeholder input, are based on standard methods using data specific to each sector and planning basin. Projections were initially developed for each county in the state, then allocated to each of the 82 basins. To provide regional context, demands were aggregated by Watershed Planning Region. Water shortages were calculated at the basin level to more accurately determine areas where shortages may occur. Therefore, gaps, depletions, and options are presented in detail in the Basin Summaries and subsequent sections. Future demand projections were developed independent of available supply, water quality, or infrastructure considerations. Impacts of climate change, increased efficiency, conservation, and non-consumptive uses, such as hydropower, are presented in supplemental OCWP reports. Present and future demands were applied to supply source categories to facilitate an evaluation of potential surface water gaps and aquifer storage depletions at the basin level. For this baseline analysis, the proportion of each supply source used to meet future demands for each sector was held constant at the proportion established through current active water use permit allocations. For example, if the crop irrigation sector in a basin currently uses 80% bedrock groundwater, then 80% of that projected future demand is assumed to use bedrock groundwater. Existing out-of-basin supplies are represented as surface water supplies in the receiving basin and as demand on the source basin.22 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Public Water Providers There are more than 1,600 Oklahoma water systems permitted or regulated by the Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality (ODEQ); 785 systems were analyzed in detail for the 2012 OCWP Update. The public systems selected for inclusion, which collectively supply approximately 94 percent of the state’s current population, consist of municipal or community water systems and rural water districts that were readily identifiable as non-profit, local governmental entities. This and other information provided in the OCWP will support provider-level planning by providing insight into future supply and infrastructure needs. The Central Watershed Planning Region includes 119 of the 785 public supply systems analyzed for the 2012 OCWP Update. The Public Water Providers map indicates the approximate service areas of these systems. (The map may not accurately represent existing service areas or legal boundaries. In addition, water systems often serve multiple counties and can extend into multiple planning basins and regions.) In terms of population served (excluding provider-to-provider sales), the five largest systems in the region, in decreasing order, are Oklahoma City, Norman, Edmond PWA, Midwest City, and Moore. Together, these five systems serve more than 71 percent of the combined OCWP public water providers’ population in the region. Demands upon public water systems, which comprise the majority of the OCWP’s Municipal and Industrial (M&I) water demand sector, were analyzed at both the basin and provider level. Retail demand projections detailed in the Public Water Provider Demand Forecast table were developed for each of the OCWP providers in the region. These projections include estimated system losses, defined as water lost either during water production or distribution to residential homes and businesses. Retail demands do not include wholesaled water. OCWP provider demand forecasts are not intended to supersede water demand forecasts developed by individual providers. OCWP analyses were made using a consistent methodology based on accepted data available on a statewide basis. Where available, provider-generated forecasts were also reviewed as part of this effort. Public Water Providers Central Region Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 23 Provider SDWIS ID1 County Retail Per Capita (GPD)2 Population Served 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 ADA OK2006201 Pontotoc 231 26,677 27,698 28,652 29,606 30,495 31,368 ALINE OK2000206 Alfalfa 233 215 215 215 215 215 225 AMES OK2004403 Major 101 199 199 199 199 209 209 ASHER UTIL DEV AUTH OK3006311 Pottawatomie 133 385 411 437 462 479 505 BETHANY OK2005519 Oklahoma 105 21,362 22,392 23,314 24,007 24,512 25,017 BLANCHARD OK3004710 McClain 324 3,791 4,423 5,009 5,595 6,204 6,824 BOWLEGS/LIMA WATER OK2006701 Seminole 88 3,048 3,128 3,209 3,289 3,369 3,449 BRISTOW MUN AUTH3 OK2001910 Creek 155 4,620 4,940 5,190 5,430 5,660 5,920 BROOKSVILLE OK2006363 Pottawatomie 88 96 96 105 115 115 124 CALUMET OK2000904 Canadian 174 552 608 655 692 730 758 CALVIN OK2003201 Hughes 100 312 342 383 423 463 503 CANADIAN CO RWD # 1 OK2000908 Canadian 108 671 737 787 832 873 913 CANADIAN CO RWD # 4 OK2000930 Canadian 135 1,006 1,105 1,181 1,248 1,309 1,370 CANADIAN CO WATER AUTHORITY OK3000903 Canadian 82 1,620 1,780 1,902 2,009 2,107 2,206 CANTON OK2000607 Blaine 100 662 723 784 846 907 978 CARMEN OK2000207 Alfalfa 102 420 420 420 420 431 431 CARNEY OK2004104 Lincoln 80 666 723 780 828 885 942 CASHION OK3003703 Kingfisher 112 657 730 815 888 973 1,058 CENTRAL OKLAHOMA MCD (Wholesaler only) None Cleveland 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CHANDLER OK1020702 Lincoln 375 2,910 3,176 3,394 3,621 3,858 4,105 CHOCTAW OK2005510 Oklahoma 102 3,892 4,079 4,247 4,372 4,466 4,556 CIMARRON CITY OK2004253 Logan 380 52 56 60 65 73 77 CLEO SPRINGS OK2004402 Major 153 326 326 326 326 336 336 COLE OK3004708 McClain 163 494 574 653 732 812 891 CRESCENT OK2004204 Logan 126 1,454 1,633 1,792 1,952 2,111 2,280 DACOMA PWA OK3007607 Woods 92 130 130 130 130 130 139 DAVENPORT UTILITY AUTH OK3004104 Lincoln 72 904 989 1,056 1,123 1,199 1,275 DEER CREEK RURAL WATER CORP OK2005504 Oklahoma 188 4,576 4,799 4,996 5,145 5,252 5,362 DEL CITY OK1020805 Oklahoma 100 22,507 23,599 24,566 25,294 25,831 26,357 DEPEW OK2001903 Creek 73 576 615 647 676 706 738 DIBBLE OK3004709 McClain 86 332 390 439 488 546 595 DOVER PUBLIC WORKS TRUST AUTH OK2003705 Kingfisher 92 412 464 515 567 619 670 DRUMMOND OK3002401 Garfield 60 425 446 456 466 477 487 Public Water Providers/Retail Population Served (1 of 4) Central Region24 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Public Water Providers/Retail Population Served (2 of 4) Central Region Provider SDWIS ID1 County Retail Per Capita (GPD)2 Population Served 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 EDMOND PWA4 OK1020723 Oklahoma 125 68,800 81,993 95,337 108,830 122,474 136,267 EL RENO OK2000902 Canadian 197 18,886 20,723 22,161 23,400 24,544 25,709 FAIRVIEW OK2004404 Major 78 2,709 2,749 2,749 2,790 2,820 2,860 FRANCIS OK2006205 Pontotoc 244 168 178 183 188 193 203 GEARY OK2000608 Blaine 158 1,278 1,398 1,518 1,638 1,758 1,900 GOLDSBY WATER AUTH TRUST OK2004707 McClain 107 1,764 2,061 2,332 2,603 2,887 3,183 GOLTRY OK2000203 Alfalfa 105 268 268 268 268 268 278 GREENFIELD PWA OK3000606 Blaine 78 92 99 106 113 120 134 GUTHRIE OK1020903 Logan 232 10,307 11,591 12,729 13,877 14,997 16,190 HARRAH OK2005506 Oklahoma 73 4,831 5,062 5,275 5,429 5,545 5,660 HEASTON RW CORP OK3000901 Canadian 204 568 624 666 704 738 773 HELENA OK2000210 Alfalfa 125 437 437 437 437 447 447 HENNESSEY OK2003704 Kingfisher 100 2,126 2,380 2,624 2,878 3,123 3,405 HITCHCOCK DEV OK2000610 Blaine 125 208 222 250 264 292 306 HOLDENVILLE OK1020803 Hughes 110 4,962 5,529 6,096 6,692 7,363 8,024 HUGHES CO RWD #4 OK3003203 Hughes 72 828 924 1,019 1,119 1,230 1,340 JONES OK2005507 Oklahoma 88 1,693 1,775 1,851 1,908 1,946 1,984 KENDRICK MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY OK3004109 Lincoln 163 359 383 407 431 455 503 KINGFISHER OK2003702 Kingfisher 168 4,707 5,265 5,813 6,370 6,918 7,535 KINGFISHER CO RWD #3 OK2003722 Kingfisher 209 138 154 171 187 204 221 KINGFISHER CO RWD #4 OK3003704 Kingfisher 72 67 75 83 91 99 107 KONAWA PWA OK2006704 Seminole 74 1,481 1,520 1,570 1,609 1,659 1,708 LAHOMA PWA OK2002417 Garfield 87 583 603 613 622 632 652 LEXINGTON OK2001409 Cleveland 175 2,059 2,209 2,334 2,431 2,502 2,573 LINCOLN CO RW & SEWER DIST 4 OK2004105 Lincoln 109 2,577 2,808 3,000 3,201 3,408 3,631 LINCOLN CO RWD #1 OK1020703 Lincoln 80 410 447 477 509 542 578 LINCOLN CO RWD #2 OK3004102 Lincoln 216 410 447 477 509 542 578 LINCOLN CO RWD #3 OK3004107 Lincoln 50 589 642 686 732 779 830 LOGAN CO RWD #1 OK2004207 Logan 152 4,726 5,305 5,820 6,344 6,855 7,404 LOGAN CO RWD #2 OK2004206 Logan 133 1,190 1,336 1,466 1,598 1,726 1,865 LONGDALE OK2000611 Blaine 153 255 270 301 324 347 378 LOYAL OK2003701 Kingfisher 114 94 105 115 126 136 147Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 25 Provider SDWIS ID1 County Retail Per Capita (GPD)2 Population Served 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 LUTHER OK2005503 Oklahoma 126 637 666 696 715 735 745 MAJOR COUNTY RWD #1 OK2004407 Major 145 937 950 950 963 976 989 MAUD OK2006302 Pottawatomie 83 1,162 1,248 1,320 1,391 1,463 1,535 MCLOUD OK2006301 Pottawatomie 96 2,561 2,736 2,898 3,054 3,209 3,371 MEEKER PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK3004108 Lincoln 66 1,044 1,132 1,211 1,290 1,378 1,467 MENO OK2004401 Major 95 201 201 201 201 212 212 MERIDIAN OK2004254 Logan 65 54 63 72 81 81 90 MIDWEST CITY OK1020806 Oklahoma 78 56,099 58,823 61,236 63,062 64,390 65,699 MINCO OK2002610 Grady 63 1,706 1,830 1,935 2,030 2,126 2,221 MOORE OK2001412 Cleveland 116 51,602 55,442 58,547 61,023 62,764 64,453 MUSTANG OK2000922 Canadian 92 17,850 19,586 20,943 22,117 23,205 24,306 NEWCASTLE OK2004704 McClain 228 6,388 7,459 8,451 9,442 10,474 11,515 NICHOLS HILLS OK2005501 Oklahoma 286 4,088 4,287 4,458 4,591 4,686 4,781 NOBLE OK2001411 Cleveland 129 5,663 6,089 6,427 6,698 6,892 7,076 NORMAN5 OK1020801 Cleveland 136 112,208 128,404 140,985 146,950 151,130 155,216 NORTH BLAINE WATER OK2000606 Blaine 450 883 961 1,043 1,127 1,212 1,301 OKARCHE OK2003703 Kingfisher 146 1,146 1,289 1,420 1,552 1,695 1,838 OKARCHE RWD OK2003715 Kingfisher 120 557 627 691 755 825 894 OKEENE OK2000612 Blaine 240 1,263 1,380 1,497 1,613 1,739 1,866 OKEMAH UTILITIES AUTHORITY OK1020706 Okfuskee 136 6,086 6,245 6,384 6,543 6,682 6,901 OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 1 (BOLEY) OK2005402 Okfuskee 43 412 423 434 445 456 471 OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 2 OK3005402 Okfuskee 180 2,209 2,265 2,321 2,377 2,433 2,508 OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 3 OK3005401 Okfuskee 79 1,817 1,864 1,910 1,956 2,002 2,063 OKLAHOMA CITY OK1020902 Oklahoma 166 564,969 595,620 622,117 642,572 657,876 673,025 OKMULGEE CO RWD #7 (NUYAKA) OK3005608 Okmulgee 202 1,000 1,073 1,138 1,204 1,273 1,342 PADEN OK2005401 Okfuskee 78 625 639 653 667 681 708 PIEDMONT OK2000909 Canadian 100 6,399 7,031 7,505 7,932 8,311 8,706 PONTOTOC CO RWD # 1 (HOMER) OK3006205 Pontotoc 211 446 463 479 495 510 525 PONTOTOC CO RWD # 8 OK2006215 Pontotoc 76 3,521 3,657 3,783 3,908 4,024 4,141 POTTAWATOMIE CO RWD #2 (TRI COUNTY) OK2006362 Pottawatomie 76 3,570 3,815 4,045 4,264 4,479 4,703 POTTAWATOMIE CO DEV AUTHORITY OK3006303 Pottawatomie 108 1,224 1,308 1,387 1,462 1,536 1,613 Public Water Providers/Retail Population Served (3 of 4) Central Region26 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Provider SDWIS ID1 County Retail Per Capita (GPD)2 Population Served 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 POTTAWATOMIE COUNTY RWD #3 OK1020807 Pottawatomie 130 571 610 647 682 717 753 PRAGUE OK2004101 Lincoln 120 2,201 2,402 2,564 2,735 2,916 3,107 PURCELL OK2004701 McClain 82 8,456 9,863 11,181 12,486 13,855 15,236 RINGWOOD OK2004405 Major 133 500 500 500 512 512 524 ROCK CREEK OK2004205 Logan 196 145 163 179 195 211 228 SASAKWA PWA OK2006705 Seminole 168 150 160 160 160 170 170 SASAKWA RWD OK2006708 Seminole 170 288 307 307 307 326 326 SEMINOLE CO RW & SWMD #3 OK3006703 Seminole 109 339 350 360 369 380 391 SHAWNEE OK1020504 Pottawatomie 117 30,589 32,695 34,661 36,537 38,373 40,299 SLICK OK3001921 Creek 113 154 163 173 183 192 202 SPENCER OK2005509 Oklahoma 152 3,152 3,303 3,437 3,540 3,612 3,691 ST LOUIS RWD OK2006304 Pottawatomie 73 206 224 234 243 262 271 STRATFORD OK2002503 Garvin 145 1,478 1,518 1,537 1,567 1,597 1,627 STROUD PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK1020705 Lincoln 131 2,826 3,082 3,291 3,509 3,737 3,983 TECUMSEH UTILITY AUTHORITY OK1020506 Pottawatomie 99 6,218 6,648 7,049 7,431 7,804 8,196 TUTTLE OK2002608 Grady 91 5,062 5,425 5,745 6,020 6,306 6,592 UNION CITY OK3000909 Canadian 55 774 845 906 956 1,002 1,053 WANETTE OK3006310 Pottawatomie 62 408 436 465 493 512 540 WASHINGTON OK2004703 McClain 95 546 635 723 811 899 987 WATONGA OK2000602 Blaine 195 4,788 5,208 5,667 6,127 6,576 7,074 WELLSTON OK1020724 Lincoln 92 842 918 984 1,050 1,116 1,192 WETUMKA OK1020508 Hughes 237 1,501 1,669 1,846 2,024 2,229 2,434 YUKON OK2000910 Canadian 145 21,713 23,833 25,478 26,910 28,222 29,561 1 SDWIS - Safe Drinking Water Information System 2 RED ENTRY indicates data were taken from 2007 OWRB Water Rights Database. GPD=gallons per day 3 Retail per capita and 2010 population taken from Bristow Water System and Supply Study, 2008 4 Population estimates taken from Edmond 50-Year Water Supply Plan, 2009 5 Population estimates for 2010-2030 taken from 2025 Norman Land Use Plan Public Water Providers/Retail Population Served (4 of 4) Central RegionOklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 27 Provider SDWIS ID1 County Demand (AFY) 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 ADA OK2006201 Pontotoc 6,900 7,164 7,411 7,658 7,887 8,113 ALINE OK2000206 Alfalfa 56 56 56 56 56 59 AMES OK2004403 Major 22 22 22 22 24 24 ASHER UTIL DEV AUTH OK3006311 Pottawatomie 58 61 65 69 72 75 BETHANY OK2005519 Oklahoma 2,507 2,628 2,736 2,817 2,876 2,936 BLANCHARD OK3004710 McClain 1,376 1,605 1,817 2,030 2,251 2,476 BOWLEGS/LIMA WATER OK2006701 Seminole 300 308 316 324 332 340 BRISTOW MUN AUTH OK2001910 Creek 804 860 903 945 985 1,030 BROOKSVILLE OK2006363 Pottawatomie 9 9 10 11 11 12 CALUMET OK2000904 Canadian 107 118 127 135 142 148 CALVIN OK2003201 Hughes 35 38 43 47 52 56 CANADIAN CO RWD # 1 OK2000908 Canadian 82 90 96 101 106 111 CANADIAN CO RWD # 4 OK2000930 Canadian 153 168 179 189 198 208 CANADIAN CO WATER AUTHORITY OK3000903 Canadian 148 163 174 183 192 201 CANTON OK2000607 Blaine 74 81 88 95 102 110 CARMEN OK2000207 Alfalfa 48 48 48 48 49 49 CARNEY OK2004104 Lincoln 60 65 70 74 79 84 CASHION OK3003703 Kingfisher 83 92 102 112 122 133 CENTRAL OKLAHOMA MCD (Wholesaler only) None Cleveland 0 0 0 0 0 0 CHANDLER OK1020702 Lincoln 1,222 1,334 1,426 1,521 1,621 1,724 CHOCTAW OK2005510 Oklahoma 446 468 487 501 512 523 CIMARRON CITY OK2004253 Logan 22 24 26 27 31 33 CLEO SPRINGS OK2004402 Major 56 56 56 56 58 58 COLE OK3004708 McClain 90 104 119 133 148 162 CRESCENT OK2004204 Logan 206 231 254 276 299 323 DACOMA PWA OK3007607 Woods 13 13 13 13 13 14 DAVENPORT UTILITY AUTH OK3004104 Lincoln 72 79 85 90 96 102 DEER CREEK RURAL WATER CORP OK2005504 Oklahoma 964 1,011 1,052 1,084 1,106 1,129 DEL CITY OK1020805 Oklahoma 2,516 2,638 2,746 2,827 2,887 2,946 DEPEW OK2001903 Creek 47 50 53 55 57 60 DIBBLE OK3004709 McClain 32 38 42 47 53 57 DOVER PUBLIC WORKS TRUST AUTH OK2003705 Kingfisher 42 48 53 58 64 69 DRUMMOND OK3002401 Garfield 29 30 31 31 32 33 EDMOND PWA OK1020723 Oklahoma 9,653 11,504 13,376 15,269 17,183 19,119 EL RENO OK2000902 Canadian 4,162 4,566 4,883 5,156 5,408 5,665 FAIRVIEW OK2004404 Major 237 240 240 244 246 250 FRANCIS OK2006205 Pontotoc 46 49 50 51 53 55 Public Water Provider Demand Forecast (1 of 4) Central Region Projections of Retail Water Demands Each public water supply system has a “retail” demand, defined as the amount of water used by residential and non-residential customers within that provider’s service area. Public-supplied residential demands include water provided to households for domestic uses both inside and outside the home. Non-residential demands include customer uses at office buildings, shopping centers, industrial parks, schools, churches, hotels, and related locations served by a public water supply system. Retail demands do not include wholesale water to other providers. Municipal and Industrial (M&I) demand is driven by projected population growth and specific customer characteristics. Demand forecasts for each public system are estimated from average water use (in gallons per capita per day) multiplied by projected population. Oklahoma Department of Commerce 2002 population projections (unpublished special tabulation for the OWRB) were calibrated to 2007 Census estimates and used to establish population growth rates for cities, towns, and rural areas through 2060. Population growth rates were applied to 2007 population-served values for each provider to project future years’ service area (retail) populations. The main source of data for per capita water use for each provider was the 2008 OCWP Provider Survey conducted by the OWRB in cooperation with the Oklahoma Rural Water Association and Oklahoma Municipal League. For each responding provider, data from the survey included population served, annual average daily demand, total water produced, wholesale purchases and sales between providers, and estimated system losses. For missing or incomplete data, the weighted average per capita demand was used for the provider’s county. In some cases, provider survey data were supplemented with data from the OWRB water rights database. Per capita supplier demands can vary over time due to precipitation and service area characteristics, such as commercial and industrial activity, tourism, or conservation measures. For the baseline demand projections described here, the per capita demand was held constant through each of the future planning year scenarios. OCWP estimates of potential reductions in demand from conservation measures are analyzed on a basin and regional level, but not for individual provider systems.28 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Provider SDWIS ID1 County Demand (AFY) 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 GEARY OK2000608 Blaine 226 248 269 290 312 337 GOLDSBY WATER AUTH TRUST OK2004707 McClain 211 247 279 312 346 381 GOLTRY OK2000203 Alfalfa 32 32 32 32 32 33 GREENFIELD PWA OK3000606 Blaine 8 9 9 10 11 12 GUTHRIE OK1020903 Logan 2,676 3,009 3,304 3,602 3,893 4,202 HARRAH OK2005506 Oklahoma 395 414 432 444 454 463 HEASTON RW CORP OK3000901 Canadian 130 142 152 161 169 177 HELENA OK2000210 Alfalfa 61 61 61 61 63 63 HENNESSEY OK2003704 Kingfisher 238 267 294 322 350 381 HITCHCOCK DEV OK2000610 Blaine 29 31 35 37 41 43 HOLDENVILLE OK1020803 Hughes 611 681 751 825 907 989 HUGHES CO RWD #4 OK3003203 Hughes 67 75 82 91 100 108 JONES OK2005507 Oklahoma 166 174 182 187 191 195 KENDRICK MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY OK3004109 Lincoln 66 70 74 79 83 92 KINGFISHER OK2003702 Kingfisher 884 989 1,092 1,197 1,300 1,416 KINGFISHER CO RWD #3 OK2003722 Kingfisher 32 36 40 44 48 52 KINGFISHER CO RWD #4 OK3003704 Kingfisher 5 6 7 7 8 9 KONAWA PWA OK2006704 Seminole 123 126 130 134 138 142 LAHOMA PWA OK2002417 Garfield 57 59 59 60 61 63 LEXINGTON OK2001409 Cleveland 404 433 457 477 490 504 LINCOLN CO RW & SEWER DIST 4 OK2004105 Lincoln 313 341 365 389 414 442 LINCOLN CO RWD #1 OK1020703 Lincoln 37 40 43 46 49 52 LINCOLN CO RWD #2 OK3004102 Lincoln 99 108 115 123 131 140 LINCOLN CO RWD #3 OK3004107 Lincoln 33 36 39 41 44 47 LOGAN CO RWD #1 OK2004207 Logan 803 901 989 1,078 1,164 1,258 LOGAN CO RWD #2 OK2004206 Logan 177 199 218 237 257 277 LONGDALE OK2000611 Blaine 44 46 52 56 60 65 LOYAL OK2003701 Kingfisher 12 13 15 16 17 19 LUTHER OK2005503 Oklahoma 90 94 98 101 104 105 MAJOR COUNTY RWD #1 OK2004407 Major 152 154 154 156 159 161 MAUD OK2006302 Pottawatomie 108 116 123 129 136 143 MCLOUD OK2006301 Pottawatomie 274 293 310 327 343 361 MEEKER PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK3004108 Lincoln 77 83 89 95 101 108 MENO OK2004401 Major 21 21 21 21 22 22 MERIDIAN OK2004254 Logan 4 5 5 6 6 7 MIDWEST CITY OK1020806 Oklahoma 4,898 5,136 5,347 5,507 5,623 5,737 Public Water Provider Demand Forecast (2 of 4) Central RegionOklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 29 Provider SDWIS ID1 County Demand (AFY) 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 MINCO OK2002610 Grady 120 129 136 143 150 156 MOORE OK2001412 Cleveland 6,689 7,187 7,590 7,911 8,136 8,355 MUSTANG OK2000922 Canadian 1,838 2,016 2,156 2,277 2,389 2,502 NEWCASTLE OK2004704 McClain 1,633 1,907 2,161 2,414 2,678 2,944 NICHOLS HILLS OK2005501 Oklahoma 1,310 1,374 1,428 1,471 1,501 1,532 NOBLE OK2001411 Cleveland 815 877 925 964 992 1,019 NORMAN OK1020801 Cleveland 17,139 19,613 21,535 22,446 23,085 23,709 NORTH BLAINE WATER OK2000606 Blaine 446 485 526 569 611 656 OKARCHE OK2003703 Kingfisher 187 211 232 254 277 300 OKARCHE RWD OK2003715 Kingfisher 75 85 93 102 111 121 OKEENE OK2000612 Blaine 340 371 403 434 468 502 OKEMAH UTILITIES AUTHORITY OK1020706 Okfuskee 924 948 969 993 1,015 1,048 OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 1 (BOLEY) OK2005402 Okfuskee 20 20 21 21 22 23 OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 2 OK3005402 Okfuskee 445 457 468 479 491 506 OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 3 OK3005401 Okfuskee 160 164 168 172 176 182 OKLAHOMA CITY OK1020902 Oklahoma 105,062 110,762 115,689 119,493 122,339 125,156 OKMULGEE CO RWD #7 (NUYAKA) OK3005608 Okmulgee 226 243 257 272 288 304 PADEN OK2005401 Okfuskee 55 56 57 58 60 62 PIEDMONT OK2000909 Canadian 714 785 838 886 928 972 PONTOTOC CO RWD # 1 (HOMER) OK3006205 Pontotoc 105 109 113 117 120 124 PONTOTOC CO RWD # 8 OK2006215 Pontotoc 301 312 323 334 343 353 POTTAWATOMIE CO RWD #2 (TRI COUNTY) OK2006362 Pottawatomie 304 325 344 363 381 400 POTTAWATOMIE CO DEV AUTHORITY OK3006303 Pottawatomie 149 159 168 177 186 196 POTTAWATOMIE COUNTY RWD #3 OK1020807 Pottawatomie 83 89 94 99 104 110 PRAGUE OK2004101 Lincoln 295 322 343 366 390 416 PURCELL OK2004701 McClain 776 905 1,026 1,146 1,271 1,398 RINGWOOD OK2004405 Major 75 75 75 76 76 78 ROCK CREEK OK2004205 Logan 32 36 39 43 46 50 SASAKWA PWA OK2006705 Seminole 28 30 30 30 32 32 SASAKWA RWD OK2006708 Seminole 55 58 58 58 62 62 SEMINOLE CO RW & SWMD #3 OK3006703 Seminole 41 43 44 45 46 48 SHAWNEE OK1020504 Pottawatomie 3,999 4,274 4,531 4,776 5,016 5,268 SLICK OK3001921 Creek 19 21 22 23 24 26 SPENCER OK2005509 Oklahoma 538 564 587 605 617 630 ST LOUIS RWD OK2006304 Pottawatomie 17 18 19 20 21 22 STRATFORD OK2002503 Garvin 241 247 250 255 260 265 Public Water Provider Demand Forecast (3 of 4) Central Region30 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Provider SDWIS ID1 County Demand (AFY) 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 STROUD PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK1020705 Lincoln 415 452 483 515 548 585 TECUMSEH UTILITY AUTHORITY OK1020506 Pottawatomie 687 734 779 821 862 905 TUTTLE OK2002608 Grady 517 554 586 614 643 673 UNION CITY OK3000909 Canadian 48 52 56 59 62 65 WANETTE OK3006310 Pottawatomie 28 30 32 34 36 38 WASHINGTON OK2004703 McClain 58 67 77 86 95 105 WATONGA OK2000602 Blaine 1,045 1,137 1,237 1,337 1,436 1,544 WELLSTON OK1020724 Lincoln 87 95 102 108 115 123 WETUMKA OK1020508 Hughes 399 443 490 537 592 646 YUKON OK2000910 Canadian 3,537 3,882 4,150 4,383 4,597 4,815 1 SDWIS - Safe Drinking Water Information System Public Water Provider Demand Forecast (4 of 4) Central Region The OWRB provider demand forecasts are not intended to supersede demand forecasts developed by individual water providers. However, the OCWP analyses sought to use a consistent methodology based on accepted data that are available on a statewide basis. When made available, provider-generated forecasts were also reviewed as part of this effort.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 31 Wholesale Water Transfers (1 of 3) Central Region Provider SDWIS ID1 Sales Purchases Sells to Emergency or Ongoing Treated or Raw or Both Purchases from Emergency or Ongoing Treated or Raw or Both ADA OK2006201 Pontotoc Co RWD # 7 Pontotoc Co RWD # 6 (FITTSTOWN) Pontotoc Co RWD # 9 Pontotoc Co RWD # 1 (HOMER) O O O O T R T T ASHER UTIL DEV AUTH OK3006311 Pottawatomie County RWD #3 O T BETHANY OK2005519 Oklahoma City O T BLANCHARD OK3004710 Dibble O T Oklahoma City O T BRISTOW MUN AUTH OK2001910 Slick O T CANADIAN CO WATER AUTHORITY OK3000903 Oklahoma City O T CASHION OK3003703 Logan Co RWD #2 O T CENTRAL OKLAHOMA MCD (Wholesaler only) None Del City Midwest City Norman O O O R R R CHANDLER OK1020702 Davenport Utility Auth Lincoln Co RW & Sewer Dist #4 Lincoln Co RWD #2 Lincoln Co RWD #3 O O B T T T DACOMA PWA OK3007607 Alva O T DAVENPORT UTILITY AUTH OK3004104 Chandler O B DEER CREEK RURAL WATER CORP OK2005504 Oklahoma City O T DEL CITY OK1020805 Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy O R DIBBLE OK3004709 Blanchard O T DRUMMOND OK3002401 Enid Garfield Co RWD # 5 O E T T EDMOND PWA - ARCADIA OK1020723 Oklahoma City E T EL RENO OK2000902 Heaston RW Corp Minco Union City O E O T T T Oklahoma City O T FAIRVIEW OK2004404 Major County RWD #1 O T GEARY OK2000608 Greenfield PWA O T GOLDSBY WATER AUTH TRUST OK2004707 Newcastle O T Wholesale Water Transfers Some providers sell water on a “wholesale” basis to other providers, effectively increasing the amount of water that the selling provider must deliver and reducing the amount that the purchasing provider diverts from surface and groundwater sources. Wholesale water transfers between public water providers are fairly common and can provide an economical way to meet demands. Wholesale quantities typically vary from year to year depending upon growth, precipitation, emergency conditions, and agreements between systems. Water transfers between providers can help alleviate costs associated with developing or maintaining infrastructure, such as a reservoir or pipeline; allow access to higher quality or more reliable sources; or provide additional supplies only when required, such as in cases of supply emergencies. Utilizing the 2008 OCWP Provider Survey and OWRB water rights data, the Wholesale Water Transfers table presents a summary of known wholesale arrangements for providers in the region. Transfers can consist of treated or raw water and can occur on a regular basis or only during emergencies. Providers commonly sell to and purchase from multiple water providers. 32 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Wholesale Water Transfers (2 of 3) Central Region Provider SDWIS ID1 Sales Purchases Sells to Emergency or Ongoing Treated or Raw or Both Purchases from Emergency or Ongoing Treated or Raw or Both GOLTRY OK2000203 Jet O GREENFIELD PWA OK3000606 Geary O T HEASTON RW CORP OK3000901 El Reno O T HITCHCOCK DEV OK2000610 North Blaine Water T North Blaine Water E T HUGHES CO RWD #4 OK3003203 Hughes Co RWD #6 O T KENDRICK MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY OK3004109 Stroud Public Works Authority O T KINGFISHER OK2003702 Kingfisher Co RWD #4 O T KINGFISHER CO RWD #4 OK3003704 Kingfisher O T LAHOMA PWA OK2002417 Enid E R LEXINGTON OK2001409 Purcell E T LINCOLN CO RW & SEWER DIST 4 OK2004105 Lone Chimney Water Association Chandler Cushing O O E T T T LINCOLN CO RWD #2 OK3004102 Chandler T LINCOLN CO RWD #3 OK3004107 Chandler T LOGAN CO RWD #2 OK2004206 Cashion O T LOYAL OK2003701 North Blaine Water E T MAJOR COUNTY RWD #1 OK2004407 Fairview O T MEEKER PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK3004108 Shawnee O T MIDWEST CITY OK1020806 Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy Oklahoma City O E R T MINCO OK2002610 El Reno Union City E E T T MOORE OK2001412 Oklahoma City O T MUSTANG OK2000922 Oklahoma City O T NEWCASTLE OK2004704 Tuttle Goldsby Water Auth Trust O O T T Oklahoma City O T NICHOLS HILLS OK2005501 Oklahoma City E T NORMAN OK1020801 Oklahoma City Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy E O T R NORTH BLAINE WATER OK2000606 Okeene Hitchcock Dev Loyal O O E T T T Hitchcock Dev T OKEENE OK2000612 North Blaine Water O TOklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 33 Provider SDWIS ID1 Sales Purchases Sells to Emergency or Ongoing Treated or Raw or Both Purchases from Emergency or Ongoing Treated or Raw or Both OKEMAH UTILITIES AUTHORITY OK1020706 Okfuskee Co RWD #2 Okfuskee Co RWD #3 O O T T OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 2 OK3005402 Seminole Co RW&SWMD #3 Hughes Co RWD # 1 O O T T Okemah Utilities Authority O T OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 3 OK3005401 Okemah Utilities Authority O T OKMULGEE CO RWD #7 (NUYAKA) OK3005608 Okmulgee Okmulgee Co RWD #6 O E T T OKLAHOMA CITY OK1020902 Moore Yukon Blanchard Newcastle Norman Edmond PWA - Arcadia Mustang Canadian Co Water Authority Bethany El Reno Midwest City Nichols Hills Deer Creek Rural Water Corp Piedmont O O O O E E O O O O E E O O T T T T T T T T T T T T T T PIEDMONT OK2000909 Oklahoma City O T PONTOTOC CO RWD # 1 (HOMER) OK3006205 Ada O T POTTAWATOMIE CO DEV AUTH OK3006303 Tecumseh Utility Authority E T Shawnee O T POTTAWATOMIE COUNTY RWD #3 OK1020807 Asher Util Dev Auth Wanette O O T Oklahoma City O R PURCELL OK2004701 Lexington E T SEMINOLE CO RW&SWMD #3 OK3006703 Okfuskee Co RWD # 2 O T SHAWNEE OK1020504 Pottawatomie Co Development Auth Meeker Public Works Authority O O T T SLICK OK3001921 Bristow Mun Auth O T STROUD PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK1020705 Kendrick Municipal Authority O T TECUMSEH UTILITY AUTHORITY OK1020506 Pottawatomie Co Development Auth E T TUTTLE OK2002608 Grady Co RWD #6 O T UNION CITY OK3000909 Minco E T El Reno O T WANETTE OK3006310 Pottawatomie County RWD #3 O WETUMKA OK1020508 Hughes County RWD #1 O T YUKON OK2000910 Oklahoma City O T 1 SDWIS - Safe Drinking Water Information System Wholesale Water Transfers (3 of 3) Central Region34 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Provider SDWIS ID1 County Permitted Quantity Source Permitted Surface Water Permitted Alluvial Groundwater Permitted Bedrock Groundwater (AFY) Percent ADA OK2006201 Pontotoc 17,941 48% 0% 52% ALINE OK2000206 Alfalfa --- --- --- --- AMES OK2004403 Major 42 0% 100% 0% ASHER UTIL DEV AUTH OK3006311 Pottawatomie 153 0% 0% 100% BETHANY OK2005519 Oklahoma 7,932 0% 100% 0% BLANCHARD OK3004710 McClain 1,650 --- --- 100% BOWLEGS/LIMA WATER OK2006701 Seminole 250 0% 0% 100% BRISTOW MUN AUTH OK2001910 Creek 1,406 0% 0% 100% BROOKSVILLE OK2006363 Pottawatomie 57 0% 5% 95% CALUMET OK2000904 Canadian 256 0% 100% 0% CALVIN OK2003201 Hughes 793 --- 100% --- CANADIAN CO RWD # 1 OK2000908 Canadian --- --- --- --- CANADIAN CO RWD # 4 OK2000930 Canadian --- --- --- --- CANADIAN CO WATER AUTHORITY OK3000903 Canadian --- --- --- --- CANTON OK2000607 Blaine 157 0% 0% 100% CARMEN OK2000207 Alfalfa 402 0% 100% 0% CARNEY OK2004104 Lincoln 59 0% 0% 100% CASHION OK3003703 Kingfisher 63 0% 0% 100% CENTRAL OKLAHOMA MCD (Wholesaler Only) None Cleveland 21,600 100% 0% 0% CHANDLER OK1020702 Lincoln 5,062 99% 0% 1% CHOCTAW OK2005510 Oklahoma 3,401 0% 64% 36% CIMARRON CITY OK2004253 Logan 28 0% 100% 0% CLEO SPRINGS OK2004402 Major 286 0% 100% 0% COLE OK3004708 McClain --- --- --- --- CRESCENT OK2004204 Logan 575 0% 100% 0% DACOMA PWA OK3007607 Woods --- --- --- --- DAVENPORT UTILITY AUTH OK3004104 Lincoln 183 100% 0% 0% DEER CREEK RURAL WATER CORP OK2005504 Oklahoma 2,543 0% 0% 100% DEL CITY OK1020805 Oklahoma 22,688 0% 1% 99% DEPEW OK2001903 Creek 440 0% 0% 100% DIBBLE OK3004709 McClain 18 0% 0% 100% DOVER PUBLIC WORKS TRUST AUTH OK2003705 Kingfisher 361 0% 100% 0% Public Water Provider Water Rights and Withdrawals - 2010 (1 of 4) Central Region Provider Water Rights Public water providers using surface water or groundwater obtain water rights from the OWRB. Water providers purchasing water from other suppliers or sources are not required to obtain water rights as long as the furnishing entity has the appropriate water right or other source of authority. Each public water provider’s current water right(s) and source of supply have been summarized in this report. The percentage of each provider’s total 2007 water rights from surface water, alluvial groundwater, and bedrock groundwater supplies was also calculated, indicating the relative proportions of sources available to each provider. A comparison of existing water rights to projected demands can show when additional water rights or other sources and in what amounts might be needed. Forecasts of conditions for the year 2060 indicate where additional water rights may be needed to satisfy demands by that time. However, in most cases, wholesale water transfers to other providers must also be addressed by the selling provider’s water rights. Thus, the amount of water rights required will exceed the retail demand for a selling provider and will be less than the retail demand for a purchasing provider. In preparing to meet long-term needs, public water providers should consider strategic factors appropriate to their sources of water. For example, public water providers who use surface water can seek and obtain a “schedule of use” as part of their stream water right, which addresses projected growth and consequent increases in stream water use. Such schedules of use can be employed to address increases that are anticipated to occur over many years or even decades, as an alternative to the usual requirement to use the full authorized amount of stream water in a seven-year period. On the other hand, public water providers that utilize groundwater should consider the prospect that it may be necessary to purchase or lease additional land in order to increase their groundwater rights.Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 35 Provider SDWIS ID1 County Permitted Quantity Source Permitted Surface Water Permitted Alluvial Groundwater Permitted Bedrock Groundwater (AFY) Percent DRUMMOND OK3002401 Garfield --- --- --- --- EDMOND PWA - ARCADIA OK1020723 Oklahoma 44,450 28% 0% 72% EL RENO OK2000902 Canadian 3,890 0% 100% 0% FAIRVIEW OK2004404 Major 2,559 0% 0% 0% FRANCIS OK2006205 Pontotoc 78 0% 10% 90% GEARY OK2000608 Blaine 745 0% 100% 0% GOLDSBY WATER AUTH TRUST OK2004707 McClain 1,676 0% 100% 0% GOLTRY OK2000203 Alfalfa 129 0% 0% 100% GREENFIELD PWA OK3000606 Blaine 17 0% 100% 0% GUTHRIE OK1020903 Logan 6,681 75% 0% 24% HARRAH OK2005506 Oklahoma 1,861 0% 8% 92% HEASTON RW CORP OK3000901 Canadian --- --- --- --- HELENA OK2000210 Alfalfa 748 0% 0% 100% HENNESSEY OK2003704 Kingfisher 464 0% 100% 0% HITCHCOCK DEV OK2000610 Blaine 12 0% 100% 0% HOLDENVILLE OK1020803 Hughes 4,650 100% 0% 0% HUGHES CO RWD #4 OK3003203 Hughes --- --- --- --- JONES OK2005507 Oklahoma 422 0% 0% 100% KENDRICK MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY OK3004109 Lincoln --- --- --- --- KINGFISHER OK2003702 Kingfisher 3,492 0% 100% 0% KINGFISHER CO RWD #3 OK2003722 Kingfisher 296 --- 100% --- KINGFISHER CO RWD #4 OK3003704 Kingfisher --- --- --- --- KONAWA PWA OK2006704 Seminole 302 0% 74% 26% LAHOMA PWA OK2002417 Garfield 370 0% 14% 86% LEXINGTON OK2001409 Cleveland 734 0% 100% 0% LINCOLN CO RW & SEWER DIST 4 OK2004105 Lincoln 352 0% 0% 100% LINCOLN CO RWD #1 OK1020703 Lincoln 36 100% 0% 0% LINCOLN CO RWD #2 OK3004102 Lincoln --- --- --- --- LINCOLN CO RWD #3 OK3004107 Lincoln --- --- --- --- LOGAN CO RWD #1 OK2004207 Logan 2,059 0% 0% 100% LOGAN CO RWD #2 OK2004206 Logan 464 0% 100% 0% LONGDALE OK2000611 Blaine 61 0% 100% 0% Public Water Provider Water Rights and Withdrawals - 2010 (2 of 4) Central Region36 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Provider SDWIS ID1 County Permitted Quantity Source Permitted Surface Water Permitted Alluvial Groundwater Permitted Bedrock Groundwater (AFY) Percent LOYAL OK2003701 Kingfisher --- --- --- --- LUTHER OK2005503 Oklahoma 210 0% 0% 100% MAJOR COUNTY RWD #1 OK2004407 Major 753 0% 100% 0% MAUD OK2006302 Pottawatomie 410 0% 0% 100% MCLOUD OK2006301 Pottawatomie 712 0% 100% 0% MEEKER PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK3004108 Lincoln 407 100% 0% 0% MENO OK2004401 Major 238 0% 100% 0% MERIDIAN OK2004254 Logan 170 --- --- 100% MIDWEST CITY OK1020806 Oklahoma 28,212 0% 0% 100% MINCO OK2002610 Grady 479 0% 100% 0% MOORE OK2001412 Cleveland 9,513 0% 0% 100% MUSTANG OK2000922 Canadian 3,809 0% 97% 3% NEWCASTLE OK2004704 McClain 1,649 0% 100% 0% NICHOLS HILLS OK2005501 Oklahoma 5,511 0% 0% 100% NOBLE OK2001411 Cleveland 1,644 0% 0% 100% NORMAN OK1020801 Cleveland 37,089 0% 8% 92% NORTH BLAINE WATER OK2000606 Blaine 518 0% 85% 15% OKARCHE OK2003703 Kingfisher 124 0% 100% 0% OKARCHE RWD OK2003715 Kingfisher --- --- --- --- OKEENE OK2000612 Blaine 745 0% 100% 0% OKEMAH UTILITIES AUTHORITY OK1020706 Okfuskee 1,779 100% 0% 0% OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 1 (BOLEY) OK2005402 Okfuskee 300 --- --- 100% OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 2 OK3005402 Okfuskee --- --- --- --- OKFUSKEE CO RWD # 3 OK3005401 Okfuskee --- --- --- --- OKLAHOMA CITY OK1020902 Oklahoma 214,065 99% 0% 1% OKMULGEE CO RWD #7 (NUYAKA) OK3005608 Okmulgee --- --- --- --- PADEN OK2005401 Okfuskee 960 --- --- 100% PIEDMONT OK2000909 Canadian --- --- --- --- PONTOTOC CO RWD # 1 (HOMER) OK3006205 Pontotoc --- --- --- --- PONTOTOC CO RWD # 8 OK2006215 Pontotoc --- --- --- --- POTTAWATOMIE CO RWD #2 (TRI COUNTY) OK2006362 Pottawatomie 101 0% 100% 0% POTTAWATOMIE CO DEV AUTHORITY OK3006303 Pottawatomie 5,000 100% 0% 0% Public Water Provider Water Rights and Withdrawals - 2010 (3 of 4) Central RegionOklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan Central Regional Report 37 Provider SDWIS ID1 County Permitted Quantity Source Permitted Surface Water Permitted Alluvial Groundwater Permitted Bedrock Groundwater (AFY) Percent POTTAWATOMIE COUNTY RWD #3 OK1020807 Pottawatomie --- --- --- --- PRAGUE OK2004101 Lincoln 1,672 0% 17% 83% PURCELL OK2004701 McClain 5,472 0% 19% 81% RINGWOOD OK2004405 Major 30 0% 100% 0% ROCK CREEK OK2004205 Logan --- --- --- --- SASAKWA PWA OK2006705 Seminole 453 0% 0% 100% SASAKWA RWD OK2006708 Seminole --- --- --- --- SEMINOLE CO RW & SWMD #3 OK3006703 Seminole --- --- --- --- SHAWNEE OK1020504 Pottawatomie 30,736 85% 0% 15% SLICK OK3001921 Creek 100 --- 100% --- SPENCER OK2005509 Oklahoma 2,274 0% 0% 100% ST LOUIS RWD OK2006304 Pottawatomie 213 0% 0% 100% STRATFORD OK2002503 Garvin 392 0% 100% 0% STROUD PUBLIC WORKS AUTHORITY OK1020705 Lincoln 1,322 83% 0% 17% TECUMSEH UTILITY AUTHORITY OK1020506 Pottawatomie 418 100% 0% 0% TUTTLE OK2002608 Grady 283 0% 14% 86% UNION CITY OK3000909 Canadian 74 0% 100% 0% WANETTE OK3006310 Pottawatomie --- --- --- --- WASHINGTON OK2004703 McClain 86 0% 100% 0% WATONGA OK2000602 Blaine 4,237 0% 100% 0% WELLSTON OK1020724 Lincoln 318 --- 25% 75% WETUMKA OK1020508 Hughes 750 100% 0% 0% YUKON OK2000910 Canadian 6,253 0% 79% 21% 1 SDWIS - Safe Drinking Water Information System Public Water Provider Water Rights and Withdrawals - 2010 (4 of 4) Central Region Provider Supply Plans In 2008, a survey was sent to 785 municipal and rural water providers throughout Oklahoma to collect vital background water supply and system information. Additional detail for each of these providers was solicited in 2010 as part of follow-up interviews conducted by the ODEQ. The 2010 interviews sought to confirm key details of the earlier survey and document additional details regarding each provider’s water supply infrastructure and plans. This included information on existing sources of supply (including surface water, groundwater, and other providers), short-term supply and infrastructure plans, and long-term supply and infrastructure plans. In instances where no new source was identified, maintenance of the current source of supply is expected into the future. Providers may or may not have secured the necessary funding to implement their stated plans concerning infrastructure needs, commonly including additional wells or raw water conveyance, storage, and replacement/upgrade of treatment and distribution systems. Additional support for individual water providers wishing to pursue enhanced planning efforts is documented in the Public Water Supply Planning Guide. This guide details how information contained in the OCWP Watershed Planning Region Reports and related planning documents can be used to formulate provider-level plans to meet present and future needs of individual water systems. 38 Central Regional Report Oklahoma Comprehensive Water Plan OCWP Water Provider Survey Central Region City of Ada (Pontotoc County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: Spring, Byrds Mill Spring Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: construction of reservoir. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Aline (Alfalfa County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Ames (Major County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: recondition existing water towers; drill additional well. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells; emergency connection to the City of Enid. Asher Util Dev Auth (Pottawatomie County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: Pottawatomie RWD 3 Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: upgrade distribution lines. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: replace distribution system lines. City of Bethany (Oklahoma County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater and Oklahoma City Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. City of Blanchard (McClain County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: Oklahoma City Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: paint water tower. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: add storage tanks; replace distribution system lines. Town of Bowlegs/Lima Water (Seminole County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: expand well system in Ada-Vamoosa aquifer. Long-Term Needs None identified. Bristow MA (Creek County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater. Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: (in progress) install additional lines and fire hydrants, construct new water tower, and secure water rights to drill additional wells to serve estimated 350 new rural residents; increase sizes of main lines for additional capacity and fire flow. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells; replace distribution system. Town of Brooksville (Pottawatomie County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: recondition storage tank. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Calumet (Canadian County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Town of Calvin (Hughes County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater. Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Long-Term Needs None identified. Canadian County RWD 1 Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Canadian County RWD 4 Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Emergency supply source: City of El Reno Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells; expand distribution lines. Canadian County Water Authority Current Source of Supply Primary source: City of Oklahoma City Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Canton (Blaine County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Carmen (Alfalfa County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Carney (Lincoln County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: water tower maintenance. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: expand distribution system. Town of Cashion (Kingfisher County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: Logan County RWD 2 Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Central Oklahoma MCD (Wholesale) Current Source of Supply Primary source: Lake Thunderbird Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: rehabilitation of several tanks. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: replace transmission line to Del City; new transmission facilities to import water. City of Chandler (Lincoln County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: Bell Cow Lake Emergency supply source: Chandler Lake Short-Term Needs New supply source: Chandler Lake Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: replace water line to Davenport. City of Choctaw (Oklahoma County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: build additional storage; replace outdated distribution lines; add new lines. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: replace 5 wells; replace distribution system; add storage. Cimarron City (Logan County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Town of Cleo Springs (Major County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: City of Wynnewood Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill new well. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill new well. Town of Cole (McClain County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: City of Blanchard Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: add distribution system lines; add water tower. City of Crescent (Logan County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: groundwater Short-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Long-Term Needs Infrastructure improvements: drill additional wells. Dacoma PWA (Woods County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: City of Alva Short-Term Needs None identified. Long-Term Needs None identified. Davenport UA (Lincoln County) Current Source of Supply Primary source: City of Chandler Short-T |
Date created | 2011-12-07 |
Date modified | 2011-12-07 |