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Oklahoma Cooperat ive Extension Service 3007 Azalea Park Dr . Muskogee, OK 74401 Snow collapsed- continued from page 3 Poultry Practices Issue 02 November 2011 effects on untreated wood and insulation by coating them in water. Dry wood will expand after absorb-ing moisture and then contract during hot summer temperatures. This expansion/contraction process can result in fasteners becoming loose, affecting the overall structural soundness. Furthermore, with only a limited number of attic access panels, the roof may only benefit with a few small areas of snow melt. Although opening the access panels may somewhat help, many experts believe that this practice is of little value. Physical removal of the snow using roof rakes may be a better solution. Even removing snow from the lower por-tion of the roof provides weight relief and allows snow from the upper portion of the roof to slide down. Of course, safety should be the first priority. If a house is nearing collapse, do not risk injury in an at-tempt to save it. Prevention by regular inspection and repair of the roof system is key to avoiding a house collapse. Additional information is referenced below. Reference: D. Brothers, J. Campbell, J. Donald and G. Simpson. Avoiding Snow Disaster. Poultry Engineering, Economics and Management Newsletter. 2011. (70). Available at: www.poultryhouse.com PoullttrryPrracttiices IS SUE No v emb e r 2 0 1 1 02 New changes to the Poultry Waste Management Edu-cation Program will take effect in 2012. These modi-fications will significantly improve the program by restructuring the education-al requirements. I encour-age you to attend one of our many fall training clas-ses or visit your local Coun-ty Extension Office to learn more. An electronic ver-sion of our newsletter is available online at poultrywaste.okstate.edu where you can also find useful fact sheets, links, regulatory information and upcoming poultry waste management classes. Josh Payne, Ph.D. Area Animal Waste Management Specialist Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service A newsletter for poultry producers and poultry litter applicators... This issue SB 92: Changes to Oklahoma’s Poultry Waste Mgmt Program P.1-2 Bovine Coccidiosis Not Linked to Poultry Litter or Wild Birds P.2 Purchasing and Stockpiling Poultry Litter During Fall for Spring Application P.2-3 Preventing Snow Collapsed Poultry Houses P.3-4 Senate Bill 92 was signed into effect April 13, 2011, and will affect the Oklahoma Poultry Waste Management Education Program by modifying the 1998 Oklaho-ma Registered Poultry Feeding Operations Act and the Poultry Waste Applica-tors Certification Act. The current Acts require that both poultry operators and poultry waste applicators attend: • 9 hours of initial training within the first year of becoming registered or licensed and • 3 hours of continuing education each year thereafter. The new bill becomes effective January 1, 2012, and requires that poultry opera-tors and poultry waste applicators attend: • 9 hours of initial training within the first year of becoming registered or licensed and • 2 hours of continuing education each year until receiving a total of 19 training hours. Upon receiving the 19 required hours, the operator or applicator will graduate from the program but shall be required to attend: • 2 hours of continuing education every 3 years. Operators or applicators may attend more hours than are required; however, these hours shall not be carried forward. Editor ’s Column poultrywaste.okstate.edu Senate Bill 92 Changes to Oklahoma’s Poultry Waste Mgmt Education Program Josh Payne The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service does not discriminate because of race, color, national origin, religion, gender, age, disability, or status as a Vietnam-era veteran, and is an Equal Opportunity Employer. continued on next page 2 SB 92 - continued from page 1 This modification will significantly improve the education program by separating the trainings into undergraduate and graduate level courses. Extension Educators and Specialists can fo-cus their training efforts on teaching core curricula to undergraduate students while not re-peating the same core curricula to graduate students. Graduate students will then be updated with new regulatory and nutrient management based curricula. The implementation of a grad-uate program will also help to divide audience size, providing a more conducive learning envi-ronment. Furthermore, modifying the continuing education to 2 hours will assist with main-taining audience attention. Bovine Coccidiosis Not Linked to Poultry Litter or Wild Birds Josh Payne Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease that affects cattle, sheep, goats, swine, horses, poultry and pets. Coccidia are protozoan parasites of the genus Eimeria that inhabit the cells of the intes-tinal lining. There, the parasites multiply, and eggs (oocysts) are shed in the feces. Oocysts are extremely resistant to environmental stress and can be transmitted to other animals of the same species through contaminated feed, water, or soil. Clinical signs in cattle usually in-clude diarrhea varying from watery manure to manure containing blood. Sometimes cattle producers are concerned that coccidiosis from infected commercial poultry or wild birds, such as geese, could potentially be transmitted to their cattle. Producers that land-apply poultry litter may be even more concerned. The fact of the matter is that coccidia are very host specific and the species of Eimeria that affects cattle is different from the spe-cies of Eimeria that affects poultry. The same can be said for other animals. In addition, few oocysts are found after birds are removed from a farm because poultry litter is a poor environ-ment for oocyst survival. Although oocysts may survive for many weeks in soil, their survival in litter is limited to just a few days because of the heat and ammonia released and the action of molds and bacteria. The bottom line is, don’t be concerned about bovine coccidiosis occurring from land-applied poultry litter or from wild migratory waterfowl. Transmission in cattle generally occurs in over-crowded or congregated areas through the bovine to bovine (fecal-oral) route. Purchasing and Stockpiling Poultry Litter during Fall for Spring Application Josh Payne Many producers apply poultry litter during the spring months as an affordable fertilizer source for summertime crop and forage production. This often coincides with higher demand and higher prices for poultry litter. Higher demand may also equate to limited availability of litter re- cont’d on page 4 3 Roof Design Snow Load Light/Dry Snow Heavy/Wet Snow Ice Water 5 lbs/sq ft 19.2 inches 2.9 inches 1.0 inch 1.0 inch 10 lbs/sq ft 38.4 inches 5.8 inches 2.1 inches 1.9 inches Preventing Snow Collapsed Poultry Houses Josh Payne A recent newsletter article from Auburn University, titled “Avoiding Snow Disaster” outlined some tips for preventing poultry house damage or even collapse from snow accumulation. In all likelihood, this thought weighed heavily on the minds of poultry producers in Oklahoma and Arkansas following the 2011, record setting winter snowfall. First and foremost, poultry producers should know the snow load capacity that the house was designed to meet. Below is a table illustrating various snow loads that a typical poultry house can withstand. Note the difference between light/dry snow and heavy wet snow. Secondly, regular inspection and repairs should be made to meet that standard. This includes inspection of the attic including trusses, truss bracing, purlins, and metal that comprise the roof structure. If dealing with snowfall accumulation on top of a house, some growers may consider opening attic access panels allowing warm air to enter the attic and possibly melt the snow on the roof. However, condensation concerns, which occur when warm moist air enters the attic and comes into contact with cold surfaces, should be considered. This practice can have negative quiring producers to be flexible with application timing. One alternative is to purchase litter during the fall and stockpile under covered storage until spring for land application. The ad-vantages to this strategy may include: 1) lower demand 2) lower prices 3) increased availabil-ity and 4) freedom to apply based on a producer’s individual schedule. It is important to remember that stored litter must remain under cover (tarp, storage barn, etc.) ac-cording to state regulations. Keeping litter dry re-duces N losses from ammonia volatilization and avoids potential runoff concerns. Research has reported total N losses of approximately 12% from stockpiled litter; however, much of the value at-tained from litter originates from the phosphorus and potassium levels, which are not lost during proper stockpiling.
Object Description
Okla State Agency |
Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service |
Title | Poultry practices : a newsletter for poultry producers and poultry litter applicators. |
Authors |
Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service. |
Publisher | Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service |
Publication Date | 2011 |
Publication type |
Newsletter |
Serial holdings | Electronic holdings: 2011 |
Subject |
Poultry industry--Waste disposal--Oklahoma--Periodicals. Poultry industry--Oklahoma--Periodicals. |
Purpose | Our goal is to provide a science-based, objective information for those involved with the poultry industry. |
Notes | issues through 2011 |
OkDocs Class# | Z2155.6 P876p |
For all issues click | Z2155.6 P876p |
Digital Format | PDF, Adobe Reader required |
ODL electronic copy | Downloaded from agency website: http://poultrywaste.okstate.edu/ |
Rights and Permissions | This Oklahoma state government publication is provided for educational purposes under U.S. copyright law. Other usage requires permission of copyright holders. |
Language | English |
Date created | 2012-01-19 |
Date modified | 2012-04-10 |
OCLC number | 907086148 |
Description
Title | 2011-11 Poultry practices no2 |
OkDocs Class# | Z2155.6 P876p November 2011 no. 2 |
Digital Format | PDF, Adobe Reader Required |
ODL electronic copy | Downloaded from agency website: |
Rights and Permissions | This Oklahoma state government publication is provided for educational purposes under U.S. copyright law. Other usage requires permission of copyright owners. |
Language | English |
Full text | Oklahoma Cooperat ive Extension Service 3007 Azalea Park Dr . Muskogee, OK 74401 Snow collapsed- continued from page 3 Poultry Practices Issue 02 November 2011 effects on untreated wood and insulation by coating them in water. Dry wood will expand after absorb-ing moisture and then contract during hot summer temperatures. This expansion/contraction process can result in fasteners becoming loose, affecting the overall structural soundness. Furthermore, with only a limited number of attic access panels, the roof may only benefit with a few small areas of snow melt. Although opening the access panels may somewhat help, many experts believe that this practice is of little value. Physical removal of the snow using roof rakes may be a better solution. Even removing snow from the lower por-tion of the roof provides weight relief and allows snow from the upper portion of the roof to slide down. Of course, safety should be the first priority. If a house is nearing collapse, do not risk injury in an at-tempt to save it. Prevention by regular inspection and repair of the roof system is key to avoiding a house collapse. Additional information is referenced below. Reference: D. Brothers, J. Campbell, J. Donald and G. Simpson. Avoiding Snow Disaster. Poultry Engineering, Economics and Management Newsletter. 2011. (70). Available at: www.poultryhouse.com PoullttrryPrracttiices IS SUE No v emb e r 2 0 1 1 02 New changes to the Poultry Waste Management Edu-cation Program will take effect in 2012. These modi-fications will significantly improve the program by restructuring the education-al requirements. I encour-age you to attend one of our many fall training clas-ses or visit your local Coun-ty Extension Office to learn more. An electronic ver-sion of our newsletter is available online at poultrywaste.okstate.edu where you can also find useful fact sheets, links, regulatory information and upcoming poultry waste management classes. Josh Payne, Ph.D. Area Animal Waste Management Specialist Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service A newsletter for poultry producers and poultry litter applicators... This issue SB 92: Changes to Oklahoma’s Poultry Waste Mgmt Program P.1-2 Bovine Coccidiosis Not Linked to Poultry Litter or Wild Birds P.2 Purchasing and Stockpiling Poultry Litter During Fall for Spring Application P.2-3 Preventing Snow Collapsed Poultry Houses P.3-4 Senate Bill 92 was signed into effect April 13, 2011, and will affect the Oklahoma Poultry Waste Management Education Program by modifying the 1998 Oklaho-ma Registered Poultry Feeding Operations Act and the Poultry Waste Applica-tors Certification Act. The current Acts require that both poultry operators and poultry waste applicators attend: • 9 hours of initial training within the first year of becoming registered or licensed and • 3 hours of continuing education each year thereafter. The new bill becomes effective January 1, 2012, and requires that poultry opera-tors and poultry waste applicators attend: • 9 hours of initial training within the first year of becoming registered or licensed and • 2 hours of continuing education each year until receiving a total of 19 training hours. Upon receiving the 19 required hours, the operator or applicator will graduate from the program but shall be required to attend: • 2 hours of continuing education every 3 years. Operators or applicators may attend more hours than are required; however, these hours shall not be carried forward. Editor ’s Column poultrywaste.okstate.edu Senate Bill 92 Changes to Oklahoma’s Poultry Waste Mgmt Education Program Josh Payne The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service does not discriminate because of race, color, national origin, religion, gender, age, disability, or status as a Vietnam-era veteran, and is an Equal Opportunity Employer. continued on next page 2 SB 92 - continued from page 1 This modification will significantly improve the education program by separating the trainings into undergraduate and graduate level courses. Extension Educators and Specialists can fo-cus their training efforts on teaching core curricula to undergraduate students while not re-peating the same core curricula to graduate students. Graduate students will then be updated with new regulatory and nutrient management based curricula. The implementation of a grad-uate program will also help to divide audience size, providing a more conducive learning envi-ronment. Furthermore, modifying the continuing education to 2 hours will assist with main-taining audience attention. Bovine Coccidiosis Not Linked to Poultry Litter or Wild Birds Josh Payne Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease that affects cattle, sheep, goats, swine, horses, poultry and pets. Coccidia are protozoan parasites of the genus Eimeria that inhabit the cells of the intes-tinal lining. There, the parasites multiply, and eggs (oocysts) are shed in the feces. Oocysts are extremely resistant to environmental stress and can be transmitted to other animals of the same species through contaminated feed, water, or soil. Clinical signs in cattle usually in-clude diarrhea varying from watery manure to manure containing blood. Sometimes cattle producers are concerned that coccidiosis from infected commercial poultry or wild birds, such as geese, could potentially be transmitted to their cattle. Producers that land-apply poultry litter may be even more concerned. The fact of the matter is that coccidia are very host specific and the species of Eimeria that affects cattle is different from the spe-cies of Eimeria that affects poultry. The same can be said for other animals. In addition, few oocysts are found after birds are removed from a farm because poultry litter is a poor environ-ment for oocyst survival. Although oocysts may survive for many weeks in soil, their survival in litter is limited to just a few days because of the heat and ammonia released and the action of molds and bacteria. The bottom line is, don’t be concerned about bovine coccidiosis occurring from land-applied poultry litter or from wild migratory waterfowl. Transmission in cattle generally occurs in over-crowded or congregated areas through the bovine to bovine (fecal-oral) route. Purchasing and Stockpiling Poultry Litter during Fall for Spring Application Josh Payne Many producers apply poultry litter during the spring months as an affordable fertilizer source for summertime crop and forage production. This often coincides with higher demand and higher prices for poultry litter. Higher demand may also equate to limited availability of litter re- cont’d on page 4 3 Roof Design Snow Load Light/Dry Snow Heavy/Wet Snow Ice Water 5 lbs/sq ft 19.2 inches 2.9 inches 1.0 inch 1.0 inch 10 lbs/sq ft 38.4 inches 5.8 inches 2.1 inches 1.9 inches Preventing Snow Collapsed Poultry Houses Josh Payne A recent newsletter article from Auburn University, titled “Avoiding Snow Disaster” outlined some tips for preventing poultry house damage or even collapse from snow accumulation. In all likelihood, this thought weighed heavily on the minds of poultry producers in Oklahoma and Arkansas following the 2011, record setting winter snowfall. First and foremost, poultry producers should know the snow load capacity that the house was designed to meet. Below is a table illustrating various snow loads that a typical poultry house can withstand. Note the difference between light/dry snow and heavy wet snow. Secondly, regular inspection and repairs should be made to meet that standard. This includes inspection of the attic including trusses, truss bracing, purlins, and metal that comprise the roof structure. If dealing with snowfall accumulation on top of a house, some growers may consider opening attic access panels allowing warm air to enter the attic and possibly melt the snow on the roof. However, condensation concerns, which occur when warm moist air enters the attic and comes into contact with cold surfaces, should be considered. This practice can have negative quiring producers to be flexible with application timing. One alternative is to purchase litter during the fall and stockpile under covered storage until spring for land application. The ad-vantages to this strategy may include: 1) lower demand 2) lower prices 3) increased availabil-ity and 4) freedom to apply based on a producer’s individual schedule. It is important to remember that stored litter must remain under cover (tarp, storage barn, etc.) ac-cording to state regulations. Keeping litter dry re-duces N losses from ammonia volatilization and avoids potential runoff concerns. Research has reported total N losses of approximately 12% from stockpiled litter; however, much of the value at-tained from litter originates from the phosphorus and potassium levels, which are not lost during proper stockpiling. |
Date created | 2012-01-19 |
Date modified | 2012-01-19 |