Oklahoma special emphasis report : traumatic brain injury, 2011

              Oklahoma
Special Emphasis Report: Traumatic Brain Injury 2011
Causes of TBI
Cause of injury varied across the three levels of severity. Suicide was the leading cause of injury among those who died where TBI was reported as a cause of death on the death certificate alone or in combination with other injuries or conditions. Unintentional falls were the leading cause of injury among those who were hospitalized with a TBI alone or in combination with other injuries or conditions. Likewise, unintentional falls were the leading cause of injury among those who were treated and released from emergency departments with a TBI alone or in combination with other injuries or conditions.
40%
9%
28%
1%
22%
Understanding TBI Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious public health problem in Oklahoma and in the United States. A TBI is caused by a bump, blow, jolt, or penetration to the head that disrupts the normal function of the brain. Each year, traumatic brain injuries contribute to a substantial number of deaths and cases of permanent disability.
23%
13%
12%
43%
9%
Deaths
53%
10%
8%
0%
29%
Notes: Firearm-related injuries were reported but excluded from the etiology graphic due to overlap with multiple categories (e.g., homicide/assault, suicide). Firearms were related with 52% of deaths, 2% of hospitalizations, and 0.1% of emergency department visits. Completeness of external-cause coding for TBI-related cases can impact the accuracy of the cause classifications for hospitalizations and emergency department visits.
55
9
5
15
14
13
12
21
25
10
20
27
8
36
30
Percentage
0-14 Yrs
15-24 Yrs
25-44 Yrs
45-64 Yrs
65+ Yrs
TBI by Age
The highest number of TBI-related deaths* was among persons aged 65 years and older. Among those with TBI-related hospitalizations,** persons aged 65 years and older were most affected. Persons aged 0-14 years made the most TBI-related, Medicaid-paid emergency department visits.**
*TBI was reported as a cause of death on the death certificate alone or in combination with other injuries or conditions
**TBI alone or in combination with other injuries or conditions
Impact and Magnitude of TBI
During 2011, a TBI was sustained by 4,641 people in Oklahoma. Among those injured, 819 (21.2 per 100,000) died where TBI was reported as a cause of death on the death certificate alone or in combination with other injuries or conditions, another 3,822 (98.6 per 100,000), were hospitalized with a TBI alone or in combination with other injuries or conditions. An additional 9,195 Medicaid recipients (862.0 per 100,000) were treated and released from emergency departments with a TBI alone or in combination with other injuries or conditions. An unknown number of individuals sustained injuries that were treated in other settings or went untreated.
Medicaid Emergency Department Visits
Hospitalizations
Suicide
Motor Vehicle
Other
Homicide Unintentional Falls
Figure 1: Percentage of Annual TBI-Related Deaths, Hospitalizations, and Emergency Department Visits,* by External Cause, in Oklahoma, 2011
(*Visits paid by Medicaid; statewide emergency department data unavailable in OK)
Figure 2: Percentage of Annual TBI-Related Deaths,* Hospitalizations,** and Emergency Department Visits,** by Age, in Oklahoma, 2011
Hospitalizations
Deaths
Emergency Department Visits
This document was produced in conjunction with CDC's Core Violence and Injury Prevention Program under Cooperative Agreement 11-1101.